【Spring】Spring 整合 Junit、MyBatis

一、 Spring 整合 Junit

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>org.qiu</groupId><artifactId>spring-015-junit</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>5.3.23</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><!-- Spring6 的支持 junit4 还有 junit5 --><version>5.3.23</version></dependency><!--使用Junit则将下面改为Junit5版本即可--><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

package org.qiu.spring.bean;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package org.qiu.spring.bean* @date 2022-11-30-21:55* @since 1.0*/
@Component
public class User {@Value("张三")private String name;@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +'}';}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public User() {}public User(String name) {this.name = name;}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="org.qiu.spring.bean"/>
</beans>

package org.qiu.spring.test;import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.qiu.spring.bean.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;/*** @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package org.qiu.spring.test* @date 2022-11-30-21:56* @since 1.0*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
public class JunitTest {@Autowiredprivate User user;@Testpublic void testUser(){System.out.println(user.getName());}
}

运行效果：  

Spring提供的方便主要是这几个注解：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")

在单元测试类上使用这两个注解之后，在单元测试类中的属性上可以使用@Autowired。比较方便

在JUnit5当中，可以使用Spring提供的以下两个注解，标注到单元测试类上，这样在类当中就可以使用@Autowired注解了

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)

@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")

二、Spring 集成 MyBatis

1、实验步骤 

• 第一步：准备数据库表

  • 使用t_act表（账户表）

• 第二步：IDEA中创建一个模块，并引入依赖

  • spring-context

  • spring-jdbc

  • mysql驱动

  • mybatis

  • mybatis-spring：mybatis提供的与spring框架集成的依赖

  • 德鲁伊连接池

  • junit

• 第三步：基于三层架构实现，所以提前创建好所有的包

  • com.qiu.bank.mapper

  • com.qiu.bank.service

  • com.qiu.bank.service.impl

  • com.qiu.bank.pojo

• 第四步：编写pojo

  • Account，属性私有化，提供公开的setter getter和toString。

• 第五步：编写mapper接口

  • AccountMapper接口，定义方法

• 第六步：编写mapper配置文件

  • 在配置文件中配置命名空间，以及每一个方法对应的sql。

• 第七步：编写service接口和service接口实现类

  • AccountService

  • AccountServiceImpl

• 第八步：编写jdbc.properties配置文件

  • 数据库连接池相关信息

• 第九步：编写mybatis-config.xml配置文件

  • 该文件可以没有，大部分的配置可以转移到spring配置文件中。

  • 如果遇到mybatis相关的系统级配置，还是需要这个文件。

• 第十步：编写spring.xml配置文件

  • 组件扫描

  • 引入外部的属性文件

  • 数据源

  • SqlSessionFactoryBean配置

  • 注入mybatis核心配置文件路径

    • 指定别名包

    • 注入数据源

  • Mapper扫描配置器

    • 指定扫描的包

  • 事务管理器DataSourceTransactionManager

    • 注入数据源

  • 启用事务注解

    • 注入事务管理器

• 第十一步：编写测试程序，并添加事务，进行测试

2、具体实现 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>org.qiu</groupId><artifactId>spring-016-sm</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><!--spring-context--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>5.3.23</version></dependency><!--spring-jdbc--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.3.23</version></dependency><!--mysql驱动--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.30</version></dependency><!--mybatis--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.10</version></dependency><!--mybatis-spring：mybatis提供的与spring框架集成的依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>2.0.3</version></dependency><!--德鲁伊连接池--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.2.15</version></dependency><!--junit--><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

package org.qiu.spring.pojo;/*** @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package org.qiu.spring.pojo* @date 2022-12-01-09:16* @since 1.0*/
public class Account {private String actno;private Double balance;public Account() {}public Account(String actno, Double balance) {this.actno = actno;this.balance = balance;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Account{" +"actno='" + actno + '\'' +", balance=" + balance +'}';}public String getActno() {return actno;}public void setActno(String actno) {this.actno = actno;}public Double getBalance() {return balance;}public void setBalance(Double balance) {this.balance = balance;}
}

package org.qiu.spring.mapper;import org.qiu.spring.pojo.Account;import java.util.List;/*** 实现类不需要写，由 mybatis 通过动态代理实现即可* @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package org.qiu.spring.mapper* @date 2022-12-01-09:17* @since 1.0*/
public interface AccountMapper {int insert(Account account);int delete(String atcno);int update(Account account);Account selectByActno(String actno);List<Account> selectAll();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.qiu.spring.mapper"><insert id="insert">insert into t_act values (#{actno},#{balance})</insert><delete id="delete">delete from t_act where actno = #{actno}</delete><update id="update">update t_act set balance = #{balance} where actno = #{actno}</update><select id="selectByActno" resultType="Account">select * from t_act where actno = #{actno}</select><select id="selectAll" resultType="Account">select * from t_act</select>
</mapper>

package org.qiu.spring.service;import org.qiu.spring.pojo.Account;import java.util.List;/*** @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package org.qiu.spring.service* @date 2022-12-01-09:30* @since 1.0*/
public interface AccountService {int save(Account account);int deleteByActno(String actno);int modify(Account account);Account getByActno(String actno);List<Account> getAll();void transfer(String fromAccount,String toAccount,Double money);
}

package org.qiu.spring.service.impl;import org.qiu.spring.mapper.AccountMapper;
import org.qiu.spring.pojo.Account;
import org.qiu.spring.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;/*** @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package org.qiu.spring.service.impl* @date 2022-12-01-09:33* @since 1.0*/
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {@Autowiredprivate AccountMapper accountMapper;@Overridepublic int save(Account account) {return accountMapper.insert(account);}@Overridepublic int deleteByActno(String actno) {return accountMapper.delete(actno);}@Overridepublic int modify(Account account) {return accountMapper.update(account);}@Overridepublic Account getByActno(String actno) {return accountMapper.selectByActno(actno);}@Overridepublic List<Account> getAll() {return accountMapper.selectAll();}@Overridepublic void transfer(String fromAccount, String toAccount, Double money) {Account from = accountMapper.selectByActno(fromAccount);if (from.getBalance() < money) {throw new RuntimeException("余额不足");}Account to = accountMapper.selectByActno(toAccount);from.setBalance(from.getBalance() - money);to.setBalance(to.getBalance() + money);int count = accountMapper.update(from);count += accountMapper.update(to);if (count != 2){throw new RuntimeException("转账失败");}}
}

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mvc
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=mysql

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><!--打印 mybatis 日志信息--><settings><setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/></settings>
</configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttps://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"><!--组件扫描--><context:component-scan base-package="org.qiu.spring"/><!--引入外部属性文件--><context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties"/><!--数据源--><bean id="dataSuorce" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"><property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/><property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/><property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/></bean><!--SqlSessionFactoryBean--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><!--注入数据源--><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSuorce"/><!--指定 mybatis 核心配置文件--><property name="configLocation" value="mybatis-config.xml"/><!--指定别名包--><property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="org.qiu.spring.pojo"/></bean><!--Mapper扫描配置器，扫描Mapper接口，生成代理类--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><property name="basePackage" value="org.qiu.spring.mapper"/></bean><!--事务管理器--><bean id="txManaget" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSuorce"/></bean><!--启动事务注解--><tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManaget"/></beans>

由于使用了事务，所以需要给service添加事务注解  

@Transactional
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {\\ ......
}

import org.junit.Test;
import org.qiu.spring.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;/*** @author 秋玄* @version 1.0* @email [e-mail]* @project Spring* @package PACKAGE_NAME* @date 2022-12-01-10:04* @since 1.0*/
public class SMTest {@Testpublic void testSM(){ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");AccountService service = app.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);try {service.transfer("act001","act002",10000.0);System.out.println("转账成功");} catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}}

运行效果：  

Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl' adapter.
十二月 01, 2022 10:16:27 上午 com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.JakartaCommonsLoggingImpl info
信息: {dataSource-1} inited
Creating a new SqlSession
Registering transaction synchronization for SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
JDBC Connection [com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@15a04efb] will be managed by Spring
==>  Preparing: select * from t_act where actno = ?
==> Parameters: act001(String)
<==    Columns: actno, balance
<==        Row: act001, 40000.0
<==      Total: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb] from current transaction
==>  Preparing: select * from t_act where actno = ?
==> Parameters: act002(String)
<==    Columns: actno, balance
<==        Row: act002, 10000.0
<==      Total: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb] from current transaction
==>  Preparing: update t_act set balance = ? where actno = ?
==> Parameters: 30000.0(Double), act001(String)
<==    Updates: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb] from current transaction
==>  Preparing: update t_act set balance = ? where actno = ?
==> Parameters: 20000.0(Double), act002(String)
<==    Updates: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Transaction synchronization committing SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Transaction synchronization deregistering SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Transaction synchronization closing SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
转账成功

3、Spring 配置文件的 import

spring 配置文件有多个，并且可以在 spring 的核心配置文件中使用 import 进行引入，我们可以将组件扫描单独定义到一个配置文件中，如下：  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--组件扫描--><context:component-scan base-package="com.qiu.bank"/></beans>

然后在核心配置文件中引入：  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"><!--引入其他的spring配置文件--><import resource="common.xml"/></beans>

注意：在实际开发中，service单独配置到一个文件中，dao单独配置到一个文件中，然后在核心配置文件中引入，养成好习惯  

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