向https地址发送请求失败报错

错误1：

10:13:47.520 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory - Starting handshake
10:13:47.523 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultManagedHttpClientConnection - http-outgoing-0: Shutdown connection
10:13:47.523 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec - Connection discarded
10:13:47.523 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager - Connection released: [id: 0][route: {s}->https://223.108.104.37:8180][total available: 0; route allocated: 0 of 2; total allocated: 0 of 20]
10:13:47.524 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager - Connection manager is shutting down
10:13:47.524 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager - Connection manager shut down
Exception in thread "main" javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: No appropriate protocol (protocol is disabled or cipher suites are inappropriate)at sun.security.ssl.HandshakeContext.<init>(HandshakeContext.java:171)at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshakeContext.<init>(ClientHandshakeContext.java:106)at sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.kickstart(TransportContext.java:245)at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:410)at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:389)at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:436)at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:384)at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:142)at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:376)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:393)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:236)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:186)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:89)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)

• SSLHandshakeException 异常：我这边是使用的协议TLSv1版本太低，换一个就行

SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext,new String[]{"TLSv1.2"},  // 使用 TLSv1.2 协议null,NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);

错误2：

sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested targetat sun.security.ssl.Alert.createSSLException(Alert.java:131)at sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.fatal(TransportContext.java:377)at sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.fatal(TransportContext.java:320)at sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.fatal(TransportContext.java:315)at sun.security.ssl.CertificateMessage$T12CertificateConsumer.checkServerCerts(CertificateMessage.java:652)at sun.security.ssl.CertificateMessage$T12CertificateConsumer.onCertificate(CertificateMessage.java:471)at sun.security.ssl.CertificateMessage$T12CertificateConsumer.consume(CertificateMessage.java:367)at sun.security.ssl.SSLHandshake.consume(SSLHandshake.java:376)at sun.security.ssl.HandshakeContext.dispatch(HandshakeContext.java:479)at sun.security.ssl.HandshakeContext.dispatch(HandshakeContext.java:457)at sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.dispatch(TransportContext.java:200)at sun.security.ssl.SSLTransport.decode(SSLTransport.java:155)at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.decode(SSLSocketImpl.java:1320)at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readHandshakeRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1233)at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:417)at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:389)at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:436)at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:384)at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:142)at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:376)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:393)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:236)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:186)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:89)at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:185)at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:83)at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:108)at com.waterapidemo.util.HttpPostUtil.sslRequest(HttpPostUtil.java:108)at com.waterapidemo.util.HttpPostUtil.main(HttpPostUtil.java:74)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested targetat sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:439)at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:306)at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:271)at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:312)at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:221)at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:128)at sun.security.ssl.CertificateMessage$T12CertificateConsumer.checkServerCerts(CertificateMessage.java:636)... 25 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested targetat sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.build(SunCertPathBuilder.java:148)

• ​JVM默认信任证书不包含该目标网站的SSL证书，导致无法建立有效的信任链接。

keytool -importcert -alias xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -keystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts -storepass changeit -file xxxxx.cert 

 解决办法：

1.获取服务器的证书

package com.waterapidemo.util;import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;public class FetchServerCert {private static final String SERVER_HOST = "xxxxxxxxx";private static final int SERVER_PORT = xxxx;private static final String CERT_FILE = "X:\\xxx\\server-cert.cer";public static void main(String[] args) {try {// Step 1: Set up a TrustManager that accepts all certificatesTrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager() {public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return null;}public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {}public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {}}};SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());SSLSocketFactory factory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();// Step 2: Connect to the server and retrieve the server certificatetry (SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(SERVER_HOST, SERVER_PORT)) {socket.startHandshake();Certificate[] serverCerts = socket.getSession().getPeerCertificates();// Step 3: Save the first server certificate to a filetry (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(CERT_FILE)) {fos.write(serverCerts[0].getEncoded());}System.out.println("Server certificate saved to " + CERT_FILE);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

• 定义一个自定义的 TrustManager，它将接受所有证书

2.将证书导入JVM信任库

package com.waterapidemo.util;import java.io.*;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;public class ImportServerCert {private static final String CERT_FILE = "X:\\xxx\\server-cert.cer";private static final String TRUSTSTORE_PATH = "X:\\xxx\\truststore.jks";private static final String TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD = "changeit";public static void main(String[] args) {try {// Load the server certificate from the fileCertificate serverCert = loadCertificate(CERT_FILE);// Create a truststore and add the server certificate to itKeyStore trustStore = createTrustStore(serverCert, TRUSTSTORE_PATH, TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD);// Save the truststore to a filetry (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(TRUSTSTORE_PATH)) {trustStore.store(fos, TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());System.out.println("Truststore created and saved to " + TRUSTSTORE_PATH);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}private static Certificate loadCertificate(String certFilePath) throws Exception {CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(certFilePath)) {return cf.generateCertificate(fis);}}private static KeyStore createTrustStore(Certificate cert, String trustStorePath, String trustStorePassword) throws Exception {KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());trustStore.load(null, null); // Initialize the empty truststoreString alias = "server-cert";trustStore.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);return trustStore;}
}

3.请求的时候携带好证书就可以了

    public static String sslRequest(String url, String params, String token) throws Exception {String results;// Load client certificateKeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("xxxx");try (FileInputStream keyStoreStream = new FileInputStream(PATH)) {keyStore.load(keyStoreStream, PASSWORD.toCharArray());}// Load truststore containing server certificateKeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());try (FileInputStream trustStoreStream = new FileInputStream(TRUSTSTORE_PATH)) {trustStore.load(trustStoreStream, TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());}// Set up SSL context with client certificate and truststoreSSLContext sslContext = SSLContexts.custom().loadKeyMaterial(keyStore, PASSWORD.toCharArray()).loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, null).build();// Create SSL connection factorySSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);// Create HTTP client with custom SSL contexttry (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build()) {// Create HTTP POST requestHttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);httpPost.setHeader("FROM", token);httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(params, "UTF-8"));// Execute requesttry (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost)) {HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();results = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");EntityUtils.consume(entity);}}return results;}