四种方式的MySQL安装

mysql安装常见的方法有四种

序号	安装方式	说明
1	yum\rpm	简单、快速，不能定制参数
2	二进制	解压，简单配置就可使用 免安装 mysql-a.b.c-linux2.x-x86_64.tar.gz
3	源码编译	可以定制参数，安装时间长 mysql-a.b.c.tar.gz
4	源码制成rpm包	把源码制作成符合要求的rpm,通过yum安装

MySQL RPM包下载

官网下载地址：

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

1. yum安装依赖包

yum -y install lrzsz wget perl-Digest-MD5

yum -y install numactl

yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make

添加用户及组

[root@jeames ~]# groupadd mysql

删除组:groupdel users

--用户加到组并指定根目录

[root@jeames ~]# useradd -g mysql -d /home/mysql mysql

useradd: warning: the home directory already exists.

Not copying any file from skel directory into it.

删除用户:userdel mysql

[root@jeames ~]# passwd mysql

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

安装Mysql

[root@jeames ~]# md5sum mysql-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

edf4d0f95867f62cdcc97b7349bedc59 mysql-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@jeames ~]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /home/mysql/

## 必须安装的四个RPM包

mysql-community-common-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-client-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 是客户端的安装包

mysql-community-server-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 是服务端的安装包

## 授权

root@jeames ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql/

## 安装

注：root用户下操作

[root@jeames ~]# cd /home/mysql/

装顺序：包之间相互依赖，所以必须注意安装顺序

✓ 先装 common

✓ 再装 libs

✓ 再装 client

✓ 最后装 server

[root@jeames mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@jeames mysql]# rpm -ivh --force --nodeps mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@jeames mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps

[root@jeames mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm --f

2 Linux环境二进制安装MySQL

MySQL二进制包下载

官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

安装 MySQL

## 用户及目录创建

注：可以部署多个实例，通过端口区分root 用户操作：

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306

mkdir -p /mysql/app/

mkdir -p /mysql/conf/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/pid/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/errlog

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/relaylog/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/slowlog/

mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/tmp/

## 用户及组

[root@rhel76 ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@rhel76 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

[root@rhel76 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql

[root@rhel76 ~]# passwd mysql

Changing password for user mysql.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@rhel76 ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql

mysql:x:1001:

[root@rhel76 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

mysql:x:1001:1001::/home/mysql:/bin/bash

## 上传软件包并解压

[root@rhel76 ~]# cp mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz /mysql/app

[root@rhel76 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql

mysql用户操作

[root@rhel76 ~]# su - mysql

md5 值验证，保证下载到的软件包无破损无木马

[mysql@rhel76 ~]$ cd /mysql/app

[mysql@rhel76 app]$ ll

total 1168588

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1196633756 Nov 24 00:49 mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

[mysql@rhel76 app]$ md5sum mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

0bdd171cb8464ba32f65f7bf58bc9533 mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

解压软件包并重命名

[mysql@rhel76 app]$ tar xvf mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

[mysql@rhel76 app]$ mv mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8.0.27

[mysql@rhel76 app]$ ll

total 1168588

drwxrwxr-x 9 mysql mysql 129 Nov 24 00:54 mysql8.0.27

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1196633756 Nov 24 00:49 mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

Linxu环境源码安装MySQL

Mysql源码下载

官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

安装及配置

## 编译

[root@jeames007 ~]# mkdir /soft

[root@jeames007 ~]# mv mysql-boost-8.0.27.tar.gz /soft/

[root@jeames007 ~]# cd /soft

[root@jeames007 soft]# tar -zxf mysql-boost-8.0.27.tar.gz

[root@jeames007 soft]# ll

total 285340

drwxr-xr-x 31 7161 31415 4096 Sep 28 13:22 mysql-8.0.27

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 292184025 Nov 25 15:08 mysql-boost-8.0.27.tar.gz

[root@jeames007 soft]# cd mysql-8.0.27

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \

-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \

-DWITH_BOOST=/soft/mysql-8.0.27/boost/boost_1_73_0 \

-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1

[root@jeames007 ~]# make -j4 --此处编译需要1个小时，一定要耐心等待

[root@jeames007 ~]# make install

## 用户及组

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

## 参数文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf <<"EOF"

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

port=3306

server_id=80273306

log-bin

skip-name-resolve

character_set_server=utf8mb4

default-time-zone = '+8:00'

log_timestamps = SYSTEM

EOF

## 初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

## 环境变量

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /root/.bashrc

source /root/.bashrc

## 启动Mysql

#启动 MySQL

mysqld_safe &

#登录 mysql，默认密码为空

mysql -uroot -p

#关闭 MySQL

mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown