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@TOC

问题背景

从零开始学springcloud微服务项目
注意事项：

• 约定 > 配置 > 编码
• IDEA版本2021.1
• 这个项目，我分了很多篇章，每篇文章一个操作步骤，目的是显得更简单明了
• controller调service，service调dao
• 默认安装nginx
• 项目源码以及sentinel安装包

sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback

1 新建两个payment微服务module

2 选择jdk1.8

3 输入服务名：cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004

4 引入pom依赖，cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004两个服务名不同

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId><groupId>com.yg</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId><dependencies><!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity --><groupId>com.yg</groupId><artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency><!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!--日常通用jar包配置--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

5 添加application.yml文件，cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004端口不同

server:port: 9003spring:application:name: nacos-payment-providercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

6 添加启动类，cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004类名不同

package com.yg.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:33* @Version 2.0*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);}}

7 添加controller

package com.yg.springcloud.controller;import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.HashMap;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:35* @Version 2.0*/
@RestController
public class PaymentController {@Value("${server.port}")private String serverPort;public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();static {hashMap.put(1L, new Payment(1L, "28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));hashMap.put(2L, new Payment(2L, "bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));hashMap.put(3L, new Payment(3L, "6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));}@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200, "from mysql,serverPort:  " + serverPort, payment);return result;}
}

8 创建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84微服务，pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId><groupId>com.yg</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId><dependencies><!--SpringCloud openfeign --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId></dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity --><dependency><groupId>com.yg</groupId><artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency><!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!--日常通用jar包配置--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

9 添加application.yml文件

server:port: 84spring:application:name: nacos-order-consumercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: localhost:8848sentinel:transport:#配置Sentinel dashboard地址dashboard: localhost:8080#默认8719端口，假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口port: 8719#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:sentinel:enabled: true

10 添加启动类

package com.yg.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:38* @Version 2.0*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderNacosMain84 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);}}

11 添加payment接口和实现类

package com.yg.springcloud.service;import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.impl.PaymentFallbackService;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:45* @Version 2.0*/
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider", fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)//调用中关闭9003服务提供者
public interface PaymentService {@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);}

package com.yg.springcloud.service.impl;import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:45* @Version 2.0*/
@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService {@Overridepublic CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id){return new CommonResult<>(444,"服务降级返回,没有该流水信息",new Payment(id, "errorSerial......"));}}

12 添加配置类

package com.yg.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:39* @Version 2.0*/@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {@Bean@LoadBalancedpublic RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){return new RestTemplate();}}

13 添加controller

package com.yg.springcloud.controller;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:40* @Version 2.0*/
@RestController
public class CircleBreakerController {public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";@Resourceprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback负责业务异常public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/" + id, CommonResult.class, id);if (id == 4) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");} else if (result.getData() == null) {throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");}return result;}public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e) {Payment payment = new Payment(id, "null");return new CommonResult<>(444, "兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  " + e.getMessage(), payment);}//==================OpenFeign@Resourceprivate PaymentService paymentService;@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/openfeign/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {if (id == 4) {throw new RuntimeException("没有该id");}return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);}}

14 只有fallback配置说明

15 只配置blockHandler说明

16 fallback和blockHandler都配置

若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都进行了配置，则被限流降级而抛出 BlockException 时只会进入 blockHandler 处理逻辑

17 忽略属性

18 熔断框架对比

持久化

1 更改cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401的pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId><groupId>com.yg</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId><dependencies><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId></dependency><dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity --><groupId>com.yg</groupId><artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId></dependency><!--openfeign--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency><!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!--日常通用jar包配置--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>cn.hutool</groupId><artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId><version>4.6.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>

2 更改application

server:port: 8401spring:application:name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-servicecloud:nacos:discovery:#Nacos服务注册中心地址server-addr: ${REGISTER_HOST:10.10.196.247}:${REGISTER_PORT:8848} #配置Nacos地址sentinel:transport:#配置Sentinel dashboard地址dashboard: localhost:8080#默认8719端口，假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口port: 8719datasource:ds1:nacos:server-addr: ${REGISTER_HOST:10.10.196.247}:${REGISTER_PORT:8848}dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-servicegroupId: DEFAULT_GROUPdata-type: jsonrule-type: flowmanagement:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'

3 在nacos上添加配置文件

[{"resource": "/rateLimit/byUrl","limitApp": "default","grade": 1,"count": 1,"strategy": 0,"controlBehavior": 0,"clusterMode": false}
]

resource：资源名称；
limitApp：来源应用；
grade：阈值类型，0表示线程数，1表示QPS；
count：单机阈值；
strategy：流控模式，0表示直接，1表示关联，2表示链路；
controlBehavior：流控效果，0表示快速失败，1表示Warm Up，2表示排队等待；
clusterMode：是否集群

4 启动8401后刷新sentinel发现业务规则有了

SpringCloud无介绍快使用，Seata处理分布式事务（二十五）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，sentinel服务熔断功能（二十四）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，sentinel注解@SentinelResource的基本使用（二十三）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，sentinel热点key限流与系统规则的基本使用（二十二）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，sentinel熔断降级和限流的基本使用（二十一）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，Nacos集群和Nginx代理（二十）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，nacos配置中心的基本使用（十九）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，nacos注册中心的基本使用（十八）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，gateway通过微服务名实现动态路由（十七）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，gateway的基本使用（十六）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，Ribbon负载均衡工具与OpenFeign的使用（十五）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，使用Zookeeper替换Eureka服务注册与发现（十四）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，服务发现Discovery和Eureka自我保护（十三）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，集群cloud-provider-payment8002搭建（十二）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，集群Eureka服务注册中心cloud-eureka-server7002搭建（十一）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，单机Eureka服务注册中心cloud-eureka-server7001搭建（十）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，新建cloud-api-commons公共模块module（九）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，新建子module消费者订单模块（八）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，热部署devtools配置（七）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，子module提供者支付微服务业务开发（六）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，新建子module提供者支付微服务yml整合和新建启动类（五）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，新建子module提供者支付微服务pom整合（四）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，springcloud父工程pom文件整理（三）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，IDEA新建springcloud父工程（二）
SpringCloud无介绍快使用，与Spingboot之间的兼容版本选择（一）

作为程序员第 191 篇文章，每次写一句歌词记录一下，看看人生有几首歌的时间，wahahaha ...

Lyric： 换个乐器就像换个兵器

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