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SAP ABAP顾问能力模型梳理_企业数字化建设者的博客-CSDN博客SAP Abap顾问能力模型，ALV/REPORT|SMARTFROM|SCREEN|OLE|BAPI|BDC|PI|IDOC|RFC|API|WEBSERVICE|Enhancement|UserExits|Badi|Debughttps://blog.csdn.net/java_zhong1990/article/details/132469977

 SAP接口常用的有这5种：PI、远程RFC、API、Webservice、IDOC

SAP_ABAP_接口技术_PI实践总结_企业数字化建设者的博客-CSDN博客
SAP_ABAP_接口技术_RFC远程函数实践总结_企业数字化建设者的博客-CSDN博客

SAP_ABAP_接口技术_API实践总结_企业数字化建设者的博客-CSDN博客
SAP_ABAP_接口技术_Webservice实践总结_企业数字化建设者的博客-CSDN博客

一、背景介绍

1. 函数模块： 在 SAP 系统中，函数模块是预定义的业务逻辑单元，可以被其他程序调用。RFC 机制允许通过网络调用远程系统中的函数模块。

2. 远程调用： RFC 允许在一个 SAP 系统中调用另一个 SAP 系统中的函数模块，即使这些系统可能位于不同的服务器上。

3. 同步和异步调用： RFC 调用可以是同步的（等待调用返回结果）或异步的（不等待返回结果）。同步调用适用于需要等待结果的情况，而异步调用适用于不需要立即获取结果的情况。

4. RFC 目标： 在调用 RFC 函数模块之前，需要定义 RFC 目标。RFC 目标描述了要调用的远程系统和目标函数模块。这些目标可以在事务代码 SM59 中配置。

5. 事务和批处理： RFC 调用可以在事务内或批处理作业中执行。这使得可以在不同系统之间传递数据并处理业务流程。

6. 安全性： RFC 调用可以通过网络进行，因此安全性是一个关键问题。SAP 提供了各种身份验证和授权机制来确保数据的安全传输和处理。

实现步骤

1.1 SE37-->创建函数-->创建输入输出参数-->编写代码

1.2 启用远程的函数模块

1.3 代码样例

FUNCTION zfm_mm_140.
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------
*"*"本地接口：
*"  IMPORTING
*"     VALUE(IH) TYPE  ZSMM140HEADER
*"  EXPORTING
*"     VALUE(STATUS) TYPE  CHAR2
*"     VALUE(MESSAGE) TYPE  CHAR255
*"  TABLES
*"      ITAB STRUCTURE  ZSMM140ITEM
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------
*程序名:
*程序描述:MM-140_采购订单收货退货接口
*----------------------------------------------------------------------
*创建日期        ABAP开发顾问    业务顾问
*2019.09.17.             zlog_save1 'ZFM_MM_330'.zlog_save2 'B'.
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------DATA ls_gh TYPE bapi2017_gm_head_01.DATA ls_gi TYPE bapi2017_gm_item_create.DATA lt_gi TYPE TABLE OF bapi2017_gm_item_create.DATA ls_poitem TYPE bapimepoitem.DATA lt_poitem TYPE TABLE OF bapimepoitem.DATA ls_poitemx TYPE bapimepoitemx.DATA lt_poitemx TYPE TABLE OF bapimepoitemx.DATA ls_return TYPE bapiret2.DATA lt_return TYPE TABLE OF bapiret2.DATA gr_ebeln TYPE RANGE OF ekpo-ebeln. "采购订单号DATA gw_ebeln LIKE LINE OF gr_ebeln.DATA lv_message_str(255) TYPE c.IF itab[] IS NOT INITIAL."1.==========为检查逻辑所需要准备的数据源CLEAR itab.LOOP AT itab[] INTO itab.gw_ebeln-sign = 'I'.gw_ebeln-option = 'EQ'.gw_ebeln-low = itab-po_number.gw_ebeln-high = ''.APPEND gw_ebeln TO gr_ebeln.ENDLOOP.DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM gr_ebeln COMPARING low.SELECT ekpo~ebeln,"采购订单号ekpo~ebelp,"项次ekpo~retpo,"采购退货订单标识 X:采购退货订单ekpo~werks "工厂FROM ekpoWHERE ekpo~ebeln IN @gr_ebelnINTO TABLE @DATA(lt_ekpo)."查找未打删除标识的来料单号SELECTztmm_incom_list~incom,   "来料单号ztmm_incom_list~item,   "来料单项次ztmm_incom_list~ebeln,  "采购凭证ztmm_incom_list~ebelp,   "项目ztmm_incom_list~loekzFROM ztmm_incom_list WHERE ztmm_incom_list~loekz IS INITIAL AND ztmm_incom_list~incom = @ih-incomINTO TABLE @DATA(lt_incom_list)."取工厂和库存地点SELECTt001l~werks,t001l~lgortFROM t001lINTO TABLE @DATA(lt_t001l)."取物料过账日志表SELECTztmm_140~incom,ztmm_140~item,ztmm_140~mblnr "物料凭证编号FROM ztmm_140 WHERE ztmm_140~incom = @ih-incomINTO TABLE @DATA(lt_ztmm_140)."2.==========接口传入参数进行检查LOOP AT itab[]  ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_itab>)."  传入的采购订单及项次若为空，则返回错消息“采购订单、项次不能为空”；IF <ls_itab>-po_number IS INITIAL OR <ls_itab>-po_item IS INITIAL.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '采购订单、项次不能为空'.CONTINUE.ENDIF."根据传入采购订单及项次取退货标识（EKPO-RETPO），EKPO-RETPO =‘X’为退货采购订单；若采购订单及项次不是退货采购订单，"则传入的来料单（INCOM）及来料单项次ITEM不为空，否则提示“非采购退货单，来料单及项次不能为空”READ TABLE lt_ekpo INTO DATA(ls_ekpo) WITH KEY ebeln = <ls_itab>-po_number ebelp = <ls_itab>-po_item.IF sy-subrc = 0.IF ls_ekpo-retpo = 'X'."EKPO-RETPO =‘X’退货采购订单<ls_itab>-retpo = 'X'."根据传入的的采购订单及项次从EKPO取RETPO，若RETPO = ‘X’，则给161；其他情况给101<ls_itab>-move_type = '161'."移动类型ELSE."采购订单<ls_itab>-move_type = '101'."移动类型"若采购订单及项次不是退货采购订单,"则传入的来料单（INCOM）及来料单项次ITEM不为空，否则提示“非采购退货单，来料单及项次不能为空”IF <ls_itab>-item IS INITIAL OR ih-incom IS INITIAL .<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '及来料单以及项次ITEM不为空'.CONTINUE.ENDIF.ENDIF.ELSE.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '采购订单以及行项目不存在'.CONTINUE.ENDIF."若库存地点为空，则返回错误消息“库存地点不能为空；IF <ls_itab>-stge_loc IS INITIAL.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '库存地点不能为空'.CONTINUE.ENDIF."根据传入的采购订单号及项次从EKPO取 工厂（EKPO-WERKS）;根据传入的库存地点及刚取到的PO 工厂判断在table T001l 是否存在，不存在返回错误消息“库存地XXX在工厂YYY 不存”READ TABLE lt_ekpo INTO DATA(ls_ekpo_werks) WITH KEY ebeln = <ls_itab>-po_number ebelp = <ls_itab>-po_item.IF sy-subrc = 0.READ TABLE lt_t001l INTO DATA(ls_t001l) WITH KEY werks = ls_ekpo_werks-werks lgort = <ls_itab>-stge_loc.IF sy-subrc <> 0.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '库存地'&& <ls_itab>-stge_loc &&'在工厂'&& ls_ekpo_werks-werks &&'不存'.CONTINUE.ENDIF.ELSE.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '传入的采购订单和项次在采购订单表 ekpo中，不存在'.CONTINUE.ENDIF."若未税价格（NETPR）为空或价格基数PEINH为空或购买税代码（MWSKZ）空，则返回错误消息“未税价格，价格基数及税代码都不能为空”；IF <ls_itab>-netpr IS INITIAL OR <ls_itab>-peinh IS INITIAL OR <ls_itab>-mwskz IS INITIAL.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '未税价格，价格基数及税代码都不能为空'.CONTINUE.ENDIF."若传入的来料单（INCOM）及来料单项次ITEM不为空，则根据来料单、项次 及ZTMM_INCOM_LIST-LOEKZ 等于空，判断来料单及项次在ztable ZTMM_INCOM_LIST 是否存在，不存在，则返回错误消息“来料单XXXXX 项次YY在SAP 不存在”READ TABLE lt_incom_list INTO DATA(ls_incom_list)  WITH KEY incom = ih-incom item = <ls_itab>-item.IF sy-subrc <> 0.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '传入的来料单号已经项次在 ZTMM_INCOM_LIST表中不存在'.CONTINUE.ELSE."根据传入的来料单（INCOM）及来料单项次ITEM 及ZTMM_INCOM_LIST-LOEKZ 等于空条件，"从table ZTMM_INCOM_LIST取采购订单号（EBELN）及项次（EBELP），如果取到的采购订单号及项次与接口传入的订单号及项次不一致，"则返回错误消息“来料单XXXXX 项次YY 对应的采购订单号及项次不匹配”；IF ls_incom_list-ebeln = <ls_itab>-po_number AND ls_incom_list-ebelp = <ls_itab>-po_item."相等通过ELSE."不相等<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '来料单'&& ih-incom &&'项次' && <ls_itab>-po_item && '对应的采购订单号及项次不匹配'.CONTINUE.ENDIF.ENDIF."若传入的来料单（INCOM）及来料单项次ITEM不为空，根据传入的来料单（INCOM）及来料单项次和上述新建ztable Zpo_gr"能取到不为空的物料凭证（MBLNR），则提示“来料单XXX 项次之前已经入库”的错误消息READ TABLE lt_ztmm_140 INTO DATA(ls_ztmm_140) WITH KEY incom = ih-incom item = <ls_itab>-item.IF sy-subrc = 0.IF ls_ztmm_140-mblnr IS NOT INITIAL.<ls_itab>-type = 'E'.<ls_itab>-message = '来料单'&& ih-incom &&'项次'&& <ls_itab>-item &&'之前已经入库'.CONTINUE.ENDIF.ENDIF.ENDLOOP."3.==========对检查通过的记录进行业务处理LOOP AT itab[] ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_tb>) WHERE type <> 'E' .IF <ls_tb>-retpo = 'X'. "退货订单，直接过账ELSE. "非采购订单，更改PO价格在过账ls_poitem-po_item = <ls_tb>-po_item." 行项目ls_poitemx-po_item = <ls_tb>-po_item." 行项目ls_poitemx-po_itemx = 'X'." 行项目ls_poitem-net_price = <ls_tb>-netpr ."净价ls_poitemx-net_price = 'X'.ls_poitem-price_unit = <ls_tb>-peinh."价格单位ls_poitemx-price_unit = 'X'.ls_poitem-tax_code = <ls_tb>-mwskz."税码ls_poitemx-tax_code = 'X'.APPEND ls_poitem TO lt_poitem.APPEND ls_poitemx TO lt_poitemx.CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_PO_CHANGE'EXPORTINGpurchaseorder = <ls_tb>-po_numberTABLESreturn        = lt_returnpoitem        = lt_poitempoitemx       = lt_poitemx.IF sy-subrc = 0.READ TABLE lt_return INTO ls_return INDEX 1.IF sy-subrc = 0.<ls_tb>-type = ls_return-type.<ls_tb>-id = ls_return-id.<ls_tb>-number = ls_return-number.<ls_tb>-message = ls_return-message.<ls_tb>-log_no = ls_return-log_no.<ls_tb>-log_msg_no = ls_return-log_msg_no.<ls_tb>-message_v1 = ls_return-message_v1.<ls_tb>-message_v2 = ls_return-message_v2.<ls_tb>-message_v3 = ls_return-message_v3.<ls_tb>-message_v4 = ls_return-message_v4.<ls_tb>-parameter = ls_return-parameter.<ls_tb>-row = ls_return-row.<ls_tb>-field = ls_return-field.<ls_tb>-system = ls_return-system.ENDIF.CLEAR ls_return.IF lines( lt_return ) > 1.lv_message_str = ''.LOOP AT lt_return INTO ls_return.lv_message_str = lv_message_str && ls_return-type && ls_return-message && '，'.ENDLOOP.<ls_tb>-message = lv_message_str.ENDIF.IF <ls_tb>-type = 'S'.CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT' "BAPI事务提交EXPORTINGwait = 'X'.ELSE.CONTINUE.ENDIF."20190927 zhongjz add : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------strat"   根据当前记录的采购订单及行项目从EKPO取最新的价格（EKPO-NETPR）、价格基数（EKPO-PEINH）和税码（EKPO-MWSKZ），"只要有一个字段的值和对应传入的值不相等，则说明价格更新更新失败，继续下一条，否则继续当前采购订单收货SELECT ekpo~ebeln  FROM ekpoWHERE ekpo~ebeln =  @<ls_tb>-po_numberAND ekpo~ebelp = @<ls_tb>-po_itemAND ekpo~netpr =  @<ls_tb>-netprAND ekpo~peinh = @<ls_tb>-peinhAND ekpo~mwskz = @<ls_tb>-mwskzINTO TABLE @DATA(lt_ekpo_update_success).IF sy-subrc = 0 AND lt_ekpo_update_success IS NOT INITIAL."po价格等更新检查通过clear lt_ekpo_update_success.ELSE."po价格等更新检查未通过<ls_tb>-type = 'E'.<ls_tb>-message = '价格更新失败'.CONTINUE.ENDIF."20190927 add : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------end.ELSE.<ls_tb>-type = 'E'.<ls_tb>-message = '价格更新失败'.CLEAR ls_poitem.REFRESH lt_poitem.CLEAR ls_poitemx.REFRESH lt_poitemx.CONTINUE.ENDIF.CLEAR ls_poitem.REFRESH lt_poitem.CLEAR ls_poitemx.REFRESH lt_poitemx.ENDIF."过账。CLEAR ls_return.REFRESH lt_return.ls_gh-pstng_date = ih-pstng_date."过帐日期ls_gh-doc_date = ih-doc_date."凭证日期ls_gh-ref_doc_no = ih-incom."参考凭证编号 -来料单号ls_gh-bill_of_lading = ih-bill_of_lading."收货时提单号ls_gh-header_txt = ih-header_txt."凭证抬头文本ls_gi-material_long = <ls_tb>-material."物料编号ls_gi-plant = <ls_tb>-plant."工厂ls_gi-stge_loc = <ls_tb>-stge_loc."库存地点ls_gi-batch = <ls_tb>-batch. "批号ls_gi-move_type = <ls_tb>-move_type. "移动类型ls_gi-entry_qnt = <ls_tb>-entry_qnt."以录入项单位表示的数量CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_INPUT'EXPORTINGinput    = <ls_tb>-entry_uomlanguage = sy-languIMPORTINGoutput   = <ls_tb>-entry_uom.ls_gi-entry_uom = <ls_tb>-entry_uom."条目单位ls_gi-po_number = <ls_tb>-po_number. "采购订单号ls_gi-po_item = <ls_tb>-po_item. "采购凭证的项目编号ls_gi-item_text = <ls_tb>-item."项目文本ls_gi-mvt_ind = 'B'. "移动标识 fix value B 表示采购订单收货APPEND ls_gi TO lt_gi.CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_GOODSMVT_CREATE'EXPORTINGgoodsmvt_header  = ls_ghgoodsmvt_code    = '01'IMPORTINGmaterialdocument = <ls_tb>-materialdocument  "物料凭证编号matdocumentyear  = <ls_tb>-matdocumentyear   "物料凭证年度TABLESgoodsmvt_item    = lt_gireturn           = lt_return.IF sy-subrc = 0.IF <ls_tb>-materialdocument IS NOT INITIAL.<ls_tb>-type = 'S'.ENDIF.READ TABLE lt_return INTO ls_return INDEX 1.IF sy-subrc = 0.<ls_tb>-type = ls_return-type.<ls_tb>-id = ls_return-id.<ls_tb>-number = ls_return-number.<ls_tb>-message = ls_return-message.<ls_tb>-log_no = ls_return-log_no.<ls_tb>-log_msg_no = ls_return-log_msg_no.<ls_tb>-message_v1 = ls_return-message_v1.<ls_tb>-message_v2 = ls_return-message_v2.<ls_tb>-message_v3 = ls_return-message_v3.<ls_tb>-message_v4 = ls_return-message_v4.<ls_tb>-parameter = ls_return-parameter.<ls_tb>-row = ls_return-row.<ls_tb>-field = ls_return-field.<ls_tb>-system = ls_return-system.CLEAR ls_return.IF lines( lt_return ) > 1.lv_message_str = ''.LOOP AT lt_return INTO ls_return.lv_message_str = lv_message_str && ls_return-type && ls_return-message && '，'.ENDLOOP.<ls_tb>-message = lv_message_str.ENDIF.ENDIF.IF <ls_tb>-type = 'S'.CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT' "BAPI事务提交EXPORTINGwait = 'X'."20190927 zhongjz update :注释ELSE.CONTINUE. 代码如下：
*        ELSE.
*          CONTINUE.ENDIF.ELSE.<ls_tb>-type = 'E'.<ls_tb>-message = '过账失败'.CLEAR ls_gh.CLEAR ls_gi.REFRESH lt_gi.CLEAR ls_return.REFRESH lt_return.CONTINUE.ENDIF.CLEAR ls_gh.CLEAR ls_gi.REFRESH lt_gi.CLEAR ls_return.REFRESH lt_return.ENDLOOP."==============4.对过账成功的记录 记录log到ztmm_140.DATA ls_tlog TYPE ztmm_140.DATA lt_tlog TYPE TABLE OF ztmm_140.DATA lv_date LIKE sy-datum.DATA lv_time LIKE sy-uzeit.DATA lv_tzone LIKE  tzonref-tzone.DATA lv_tstamp LIKE tzonref-tstamps.lv_date = sy-datum.lv_time = sy-uzeit.CONVERT DATE lv_date TIME lv_time INTO TIME STAMP lv_tstamp TIME ZONE lv_tzone."20190927 zhongjz upate : "不仅仅是成功的记录存入log table， 所有成功或者失败的都需要存入log table"
*    LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_itab_success>) WHERE materialdocument IS NOT INITIAL AND type = 'S'.LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_itab_success>).ls_tlog-z_tiwmstamp = lv_tstamp. "时间搓ls_tlog-incom = ih-incom."来料单号ls_tlog-item = <ls_itab_success>-item."项次ls_tlog-ebeln = <ls_itab_success>-po_number."采购凭证编号ls_tlog-ebelp = <ls_itab_success>-po_item."采购凭证的项目编号ls_tlog-budat = ih-pstng_date."凭证中的过账日期ls_tlog-bldat = ih-doc_date."凭证中的凭证日期ls_tlog-frbnr = ih-bill_of_lading."收货时提单号ls_tlog-bktxt = ih-header_txt."凭证抬头文本ls_tlog-werks = <ls_itab_success>-plant."工厂ls_tlog-matnr = <ls_itab_success>-material."物料编号ls_tlog-lgort = <ls_itab_success>-stge_loc."库存地点ls_tlog-charg = <ls_itab_success>-batch."批号ls_tlog-erfmg = <ls_itab_success>-entry_qnt."以录入项单位表示的数量ls_tlog-z_erfme = <ls_itab_success>-entry_uom."条目单位ls_tlog-netpr = <ls_itab_success>-netpr."净价ls_tlog-mwskz = <ls_itab_success>-mwskz."销售/购买税代码ls_tlog-peinh = <ls_itab_success>-peinh."价格单位ls_tlog-mblnr = <ls_itab_success>-materialdocument."物料凭证编号ls_tlog-mjahr = <ls_itab_success>-matdocumentyear."物料凭证的年份ls_tlog-z_type = <ls_itab_success>-type."单字符标记ls_tlog-z_wmssage = <ls_itab_success>-message."Char255APPEND ls_tlog TO lt_tlog.ENDLOOP.MODIFY ztmm_140 FROM TABLE lt_tlog.CLEAR ls_tlog.REFRESH lt_tlog.*    status = 'S'.
*    message = ''.ELSE.status = 'E'.message = '行项目不能为空！'.ENDIF.*-----------------------------------------------------------------------zlog_save2 'R'.
ENDFUNCTION.