关于命令行交互自动化，及pyinstaller打包wexpect的问题

Python自动化工具

用来执行命令并进行交互，比如需要输入账号密码或者确认的场景
linux平台可以用pexpect，但是windows平台有一些差异，比较好用的是pexpect的变种wexpect，如果脚本中用了wexpect，并且要打包成onefile，可以
参考github首先打包wexpect
1.进入wexpect目录执行

pyinstaller __main__.py -n wexpect

会生成dist文件夹
2.python代码A.py中使用wexpect，注意wexpect.spawn前后必须按照下面添加代码

import sys,os,wexpect
#spawn前
real_executable = sys.executable
try:if sys._MEIPASS is not None:sys.executable = os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS, "wexpect", "wexpect.exe")
except AttributeError:pass
child = wexpect.spawn('ssh root@192.168.47.128')
sys.executable = real_executable
#spawn后
try:child.expect('password',timeout=1)child.sendline("root@123")child.expect('#',timeout=1)child.sendline("touch wexpect")child.sendline("exit")
except Exception as e:print("timeout")
print('1.before = ',child.before)
print('2.after = ',child.after)
child.wait()

3.打包成onefile

pyinstaller --onefile --add-data “wexpect路径\dist;.” A.py

Windows伪控制台

很少用到，只能参考windows官方文档自己写，启动伪控制台，并且通过管道直接和伪控制台交互，非常方便，传送门
自己随便写的demo如下：

// PseudoConsoleDemo.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <thread>
#include <string>
#include <codecvt>
#include <memory>
using namespace std;void Log(string info) 
{//string cmd = "echo " + info;printf(info.c_str());
}std::string UTF8ToLocale(const std::string& utf8Str)
{//Convert utf8 to Unicodestd::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t> > conv;std::wstring tmpWstr = conv.from_bytes(utf8Str);//Conver widestr to system code pageint len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, NULL, tmpWstr.c_str(), -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);char *str = new char[len];WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, NULL, tmpWstr.c_str(), -1, str, len, NULL, NULL);return str;
}HRESULT PrepareStartupInformation(HPCON hpc, STARTUPINFOEXW* psi)
{// Prepare Startup Information structureSTARTUPINFOEXW si;ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));si.StartupInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFOEX);// Discover the size required for the listSIZE_T bytesRequired;InitializeProcThreadAttributeList(NULL, 1, 0, &bytesRequired);// Allocate memory to represent the listsi.lpAttributeList = (PPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, bytesRequired);if (!si.lpAttributeList){return E_OUTOFMEMORY;}// Initialize the list memory locationif (!InitializeProcThreadAttributeList(si.lpAttributeList, 1, 0, &bytesRequired)){HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, si.lpAttributeList);return HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(GetLastError());}// Set the pseudoconsole information into the listif (!UpdateProcThreadAttribute(si.lpAttributeList,0,PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PSEUDOCONSOLE,hpc,sizeof(hpc),NULL,NULL)){HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, si.lpAttributeList);return HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(GetLastError());}*psi = si;return S_OK;
}
bool WritePipe(HANDLE pipeHd, const char DataBuffer[])
{DWORD dwBytesToWrite = (DWORD)strlen(DataBuffer);DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;BOOL bErrorFlag = FALSE;bErrorFlag = WriteFile(pipeHd,           // open file handleDataBuffer,      // start of data to writedwBytesToWrite,  // number of bytes to write&dwBytesWritten, // number of bytes that were writtenNULL);return bErrorFlag;
}bool ReadPipe(HANDLE pipeHd)
{const int BUFFERSIZE = 4096;char   ReadBuffer[BUFFERSIZE] = { 0 };if (pipeHd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){//printf(("Terminal failure: unable to open file \"\" for read.\n"));return false;}// Read one character less than the buffer size to save room for// the terminating NULL character. DWORD dwBytesRead;DWORD dwBytesToRead = BUFFERSIZE - 1;if (FALSE == ReadFile(pipeHd, ReadBuffer, dwBytesToRead, &dwBytesRead, NULL)){//printf("Terminal failure: Unable to read from file.\n GetLastError=%08x\n", GetLastError());return false;}// This is the section of code that assumes the file is ANSI text. // Modify this block for other data types if needed.if (dwBytesRead > 0 && dwBytesRead <= dwBytesToRead){ReadBuffer[dwBytesRead] = '\0'; // NULL character//printf(("Data read from  (%d bytes): \n"), dwBytesRead);//PseudoConsole use utf8 encodeLog(UTF8ToLocale(ReadBuffer));return true;}else if (dwBytesRead == 0){//printf(("No data read from file\n"));}else{//printf("\n ** Unexpected value for dwBytesRead ** \n");}return false;
}
PWSTR String2PWSTR(const string& str)
{PWSTR pwstr;int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str.c_str(), str.size(), NULL, 0);pwstr = new WCHAR[len + 1];MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str.c_str(), str.size(), pwstr, len);pwstr[len] = '\0';return pwstr;
}
HPCON SetUpPseudoConsole(std::string cmd, HANDLE& read, HANDLE& write, PROCESS_INFORMATION& proc)
{COORD size = { 1000, 500 };HRESULT hr = S_OK;// Create communication channels// - Close these after CreateProcess of child application with pseudoconsole object.HANDLE inputReadSide, outputWriteSide;// - Hold onto these and use them for communication with the child through the pseudoconsole.HANDLE outputReadSide, inputWriteSide;if (!CreatePipe(&inputReadSide, &inputWriteSide, NULL, 0)){return NULL;}if (!CreatePipe(&outputReadSide, &outputWriteSide, NULL, 0)){return NULL;}HPCON hPC;hr = CreatePseudoConsole(size, inputReadSide, outputWriteSide, 0, &hPC);if (FAILED(hr)){return NULL;}STARTUPINFOEXW siEx;PrepareStartupInformation(hPC, &siEx);// Create mutable text string for CreateProcessW command line string.const string cmdStr = "C:\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe /k \"echo off\"";PCWSTR childApplication = String2PWSTR(cmdStr);//PCWSTR childApplication = L"C:\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe /k \"net use \\\\192.168.47.128\"";// Create mutable text string for CreateProcessW command line string.const size_t charsRequired = wcslen(childApplication) + 1; // +1 null terminatorPWSTR cmdLineMutable = (PWSTR)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, sizeof(wchar_t) * charsRequired);if (!cmdLineMutable){return NULL;}wcscpy_s(cmdLineMutable, charsRequired, childApplication);PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));// Call CreateProcessif (!CreateProcessW(NULL,cmdLineMutable,NULL,NULL,FALSE,EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT,NULL,NULL,&siEx.StartupInfo,&pi)){HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, cmdLineMutable);return NULL;}CloseHandle(inputReadSide);CloseHandle(outputWriteSide);//if (!WritePipe(inputWriteSide, "net use \\\\192.168.47.128\r")) {//	printf("write error");//}read = outputReadSide;write = inputWriteSide;proc = pi;return hPC;
}
int main()
{auto t = std::thread([]() {HANDLE read, write;PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;HPCON hpc = SetUpPseudoConsole("net use \\\\192.168.47.128", read, write, pi);DWORD exitCode;if (GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &exitCode)) {//printf("get exit code success ,code=%d", exitCode);STILL_ACTIVE;if (exitCode == STILL_ACTIVE) {//printf("process alive");}}else {Log("get exit code failed");}if (!ReadPipe(read)) {Log("read error");}if (!WritePipe(write, "net use \\\\192.168.47.128\r")) {Log("write error");}if (!ReadPipe(read)) {Log("read error");}if (!WritePipe(write, "smbshare\r")) {Log("write error");}if (!ReadPipe(read)) {Log("read error");}if (!WritePipe(write, "smbshare\r")) {Log("write error");}if (!ReadPipe(read)) {Log("read error");}Sleep(100);if (GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &exitCode)) {Log("get exit code success ,code=" + exitCode);STILL_ACTIVE;if (exitCode == STILL_ACTIVE) {Log("process alive");}}WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, 0);WaitForSingleObject(pi.hThread, 0);CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);CloseHandle(pi.hThread);ClosePseudoConsole(hpc);//TerminateProcess});t.join();
}