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实验目的
1)掌握组合器模式（composite）的特点
2 分析具体问题，使用组合器模式进行设计。
实验内容和要求
在例3.3的设计中，添加一个空军大队( Wing)类，该类与Squadron、Group类是平行的，因此应该继承了AirUnit类。该类的写法与Squadron或者Group类是类似的，所不同的是一个Wing有216中类型的飞机。
【模式代码（JAVA语言实现）】
1、添加Wing 类:红色部分是添加进去的

package ddd;/*=======================*/
/* Represents an air Wing      */
/*=======================*/public class Wing extends AirUnit{public static final String FEATURES = "A Wing with 216 aircrafts";Airforce[] fighters = new Airforce[162];Airforce[] bombers = new Airforce[18];Airforce[] transporters= new Airforce[18];Airforce[] eAircrafts = new Airforce[18];public Wing(){for(int k=0;k<162;k++){fighters[k] = new F22();super.attach(fighters[k]);// need 162 fighters}for(int k=0;k<18;k++){bombers[k] = new B52();super.attach(bombers[k] );// need 18 bombers}for(int k=0;k<18;k++){transporters[k] = new C130J();super.attach(transporters[k]);// need 18 transporters}for(int k=0;k<18;k++){eAircrafts[k] = new E9A();super.attach(eAircrafts[k]);// need 18 eAirplanes}}public String getDescription(){return FEATURES;}public String fight(){return super.fight();}
}

2、添加GUI:红色部分是添加进去的

package ddd;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.Iterator;/*===================================================================*/
/* User interface for Testing the Composite design pattern program   */
/*===================================================================*/
public class AirforceGUI extends JFrame implements ItemListener{private JScrollPane checkBoxPane, textPane;private JSplitPane  splitPane;private JTextArea   txtAirMission;private JButton submitBtn, exitBtn;private JPanel checkBoxPanel, btnPanel, choicePanel;private JCheckBox[] airCheckBox;private JCheckBox[] airUnitCheckBox;private String[] airPlaneName ={"F-15E-Strike-Eagle","F-16C/D-Fighting-Falcon","F22A-Rapter","B-1B-Lancer","B-2A-Spirit","B-52H-Stratofortress","C-130E/H-Hercules","C-130J-Super-Hercules","CV-22B-Osprey","E-9A",  "EC-130H/J-Compass", "AirForce","Fighters","Bombers", "Transporters", "E-Planes"};private String[] AirForceUnit = {"SQUADRON", "GROUP", "WING"};public final int SELECTED = ItemEvent.SELECTED;public final int DESELECTED = ItemEvent.DESELECTED;private static final String[] OPTION = {"Solo", "Group"};private JComboBox[] optComoBox=new JComboBox[11];private int[] ckBoxStates;private GridBagLayout gridbag = new GridBagLayout();private GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();public AirforceGUI(){super("Composite Pattern - Airforce");ckBoxStates = new int[50];setUpChoicePanel();setUpScrollPanes();}private void setUpChoicePanel(){submitBtn = new JButton("Submit");exitBtn = new JButton("Exit");submitBtn.addActionListener( new ButtonActionListener());exitBtn.addActionListener( new ButtonActionListener());JPanel btnPanel =new JPanel();btnPanel.add(submitBtn);btnPanel.add(exitBtn);int numCheckBox = airPlaneName.length;airCheckBox = new JCheckBox[numCheckBox];airUnitCheckBox = new JCheckBox[3];//Check boxes for selection of the airplanesfor(int m=0; m<numCheckBox; m++){airCheckBox[m]= new JCheckBox(airPlaneName[m]);airCheckBox[m].setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C);airCheckBox[m].addItemListener(this);}//Check boxes for selection of air unitsfor(int m=0; m<3; m++){airUnitCheckBox[m]= new JCheckBox(AirForceUnit[m]);airUnitCheckBox[m].setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C);airUnitCheckBox[m].addItemListener(this);}//Combobox for deciding on solo flight or notfor(int i=0;i<11;i++){optComoBox[i]= new JComboBox(OPTION);optComoBox[i].addItemListener(this);}checkBoxPanel = new JPanel();checkBoxPanel.setLayout(gridbag);for(int m=0; m<numCheckBox; m++)checkBoxPanel.add(airCheckBox[m]);for(int m=0; m<3; m++)checkBoxPanel.add(airUnitCheckBox[m]);for(int i=0;i<11;i++)checkBoxPanel.add(optComoBox[i]);gbc.insets.top = 0;gbc.insets.bottom = 0;gbc.insets.left = 0;gbc.insets.right = 0;gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;add(0, 0, airCheckBox[11]);add(1, 1, airCheckBox[12]);add(2, 3, airCheckBox[0]);add(2, 4, airCheckBox[1]);add(2, 5, airCheckBox[2]);add(1, 6, airCheckBox[13]);add(2, 7, airCheckBox[3]);add(2, 8, airCheckBox[4]);add(2, 9, airCheckBox[5]);add(1, 10, airCheckBox[14]);add(2, 11, airCheckBox[6]);add(2, 12, airCheckBox[7]);add(2, 13, airCheckBox[8]);add(1, 14, airCheckBox[15]);add(2, 15, airCheckBox[9]);add(2, 16, airCheckBox[10]);add(3, 3, optComoBox[0]);add(3, 4, optComoBox[1]);add(3, 5, optComoBox[2]);add(3, 7, optComoBox[3]);add(3, 8, optComoBox[4]);add(3, 9, optComoBox[5]);add(3, 11, optComoBox[6]);add(3, 12, optComoBox[7]);add(3, 13, optComoBox[8]);add(3, 15, optComoBox[9]);add(3, 16, optComoBox[10]);add(0, 17, airUnitCheckBox[0]);add(0, 18, airUnitCheckBox[1]);add(0, 19, airUnitCheckBox[2]);choicePanel = new JPanel();choicePanel.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(500, 300));choicePanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());choicePanel.add(checkBoxPanel, "Center");choicePanel.add(btnPanel, "South");}private void add(int m, int n, JComponent com ){gbc.gridx = m;gbc.gridy = n;gridbag.setConstraints(com, gbc);}private void setUpScrollPanes(){txtAirMission = new JTextArea(3,10);txtAirMission.setBackground(Color.cyan);txtAirMission.setText("选择军事单位：空军中队(SQUADRON)，空军团(GROUP)或者空军大队(WING)"+ "\n组成固定单位的战斗力量。你也可以直接选择各种机型形成临时的编队"+"\n飞行(在组合框中选Group)或者单飞（在组合框中选Solo）。");checkBoxPane = new JScrollPane(choicePanel);textPane = new JScrollPane(txtAirMission);textPane.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(500, 100));splitPane = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT, checkBoxPane, textPane);splitPane.setDividerLocation(470);getContentPane().add(splitPane);setSize(new Dimension(500, 500));setVisible(true);}//========================================// 新增加功能，需要理解本监听器所涉及的方法。//========================================class ButtonActionListener implements ActionListener{public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {txtAirMission.setText("\n===Airforce New Mission===\n");createAirGroup(e);}}public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e){Object source = e.getItemSelectable();int state = e.getStateChange();if (source == airCheckBox[11]) {if(state == SELECTED){for(int m=12; m<16; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(true);}else if (state == DESELECTED){for(int m=12; m<16; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(false);}}else if (source ==  airCheckBox[12]) {if(state == SELECTED){for(int m=0; m<3; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(true);}else if (state == DESELECTED){for(int m=0; m<3; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(false);}}else if (source == airCheckBox[0])ckBoxStates[0]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[1])ckBoxStates[1]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[2])ckBoxStates[2]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[13]){if(state == SELECTED){for(int m=3; m<6; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(true);}else if (state == DESELECTED){for(int m=3; m<6; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(false);}}else if (source == airCheckBox[3])ckBoxStates[3]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[4])ckBoxStates[4]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[5])ckBoxStates[5]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[14]){if(state == SELECTED){for(int m=6; m<9; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(true);}else if (state == DESELECTED){for(int m=6; m<9; m++)airCheckBox[m].setSelected(false);}}else if (source == airCheckBox[6])ckBoxStates[6]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[7])ckBoxStates[7] = state;else if (source == airCheckBox[8])ckBoxStates[8]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[15]){if(state == SELECTED){airCheckBox[9].setSelected(true);airCheckBox[10].setSelected(true);}else if (state == DESELECTED){airCheckBox[9].setSelected(false);airCheckBox[10].setSelected(false);}}else if (source == airCheckBox[9])ckBoxStates[9]=state;else if (source == airCheckBox[10])ckBoxStates[10]=state;//== for air unitselse if (source == airUnitCheckBox[0])ckBoxStates[11]=state;else if (source == airUnitCheckBox[1])ckBoxStates[12]=state;else if (source == airUnitCheckBox[2])ckBoxStates[13]=state;}private void createAirGroup(ActionEvent e){Airforce airCraft = null;Airforce unit = null;AirUnit airGroup = new AirUnit();AirUnit airUnits = new AirUnit();boolean isSolo = false;int len = ckBoxStates.length;String unitInfo = null;if (e.getActionCommand().equals("Submit")) {for(int m = 0; m < len; m++ ){if ((m==0) && (ckBoxStates[0] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new F15();if(optComoBox[0].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==1) && (ckBoxStates[1] == SELECTED)){airCraft = new F16();if(optComoBox[1].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==2) && (ckBoxStates[2] == SELECTED)){airCraft = new F22();if(optComoBox[2].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==3) && (ckBoxStates[3] == SELECTED)){airCraft = new B1B();if(optComoBox[3].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==4) && (ckBoxStates[4] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new B2A();if(optComoBox[4].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==5) && (ckBoxStates[5] == SELECTED)){airCraft = new B52();if(optComoBox[5].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==6) && (ckBoxStates[6] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new C130E();if(optComoBox[6].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==7) && (ckBoxStates[7] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new C130J();if(optComoBox[7].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==8) && (ckBoxStates[8] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new CV22();if(optComoBox[8].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==9) && (ckBoxStates[9] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new E9A();if(optComoBox[9].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}else if ((m==10) && (ckBoxStates[10] == SELECTED)) {airCraft = new EC130();if(optComoBox[10].getSelectedItem().equals("Solo"))isSolo = true;}//== for air unitselse if ((m==11) && (ckBoxStates[11] == SELECTED)){unit = new Squadron();airUnits.attach(unit);unitInfo = unit.getDescription();}else if ((m==12) && (ckBoxStates[12] == SELECTED)){unit = new Group();airUnits.attach(unit);unitInfo = unit.getDescription();}else if ((m==13) && (ckBoxStates[13] == SELECTED)){unit = new Wing();airUnits.attach(unit);unitInfo = unit.getDescription();}if( airCraft != null){if(isSolo == false)airGroup.attach(airCraft);else{String f = airCraft.fight();txtAirMission.append("Solo Flight Mission: \n" + f + "\n");}airCraft = null;isSolo = false;}}  //end for loop//Display Air Group Actionsif(airGroup.getSize() > 0){String str = airGroup.fight();txtAirMission.append("Mission with newly-formed unit: \n" + str + "\n");}if(airUnits.getSize() > 0){String str = airUnits.fight();txtAirMission.append("Mission with fixed unit: \n" + unitInfo + " \n");txtAirMission.append("Aircrafts in this mission: \n" + str + "\n");}}else if (e.getActionCommand().equals("Exit")) {System.exit(1);}}public static void main(String args[]){try {JFrame.setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(true);//UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.windows.WindowsLookAndFeel");}catch (Exception evt) {}AirforceGUI frame = new AirforceGUI();frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);}});frame.setSize(500, 600);frame.setVisible(true);}
}

【运行截图】

【实验小结】
通过本次实验，学会了使用组合器方法模式。组合器方法模式的适用性如下：
我们这样来简单的理解组合模式，组合模式就是把一些现有的对象或者元素,经过组合后组成新的对象，新的对象提供内部方法,可以让我们很方便的完成这些元素或者内部对象的访问和操作。我们也可以把组合对象理解成一个容器,容器提供各种访问其内部对象或者元素的API，我们只需要使用这些方法就可以操作它了。