postman断言脚本（2）

https://learning.postman.com/docs/writing-scripts/script-references/test-examples/#parsing-response-body-data

状态码

pm.test("Status code is 200",function(){pm.response.to.have.status(200);});

pm.test("Status code is 200",()=>{pm.expect(pm.response.code).to.eql(200);});

多重断言

pm.test("The response has all properties",()=>{//parse the response JSON and test three propertiesconst responseJson = pm.response.json();pm.expect(responseJson.type).to.eql('vip');pm.expect(responseJson.name).to.be.a('string');pm.expect(responseJson.id).to.have.lengthOf(1);});

解析response body

To parse JSON data, use the following syntax:

const responseJson = pm.response.json();

To parse XML, use the following:

const responseJson =xml2Json(pm.response.text());

If you're dealing with complex XML responses you may find console logging useful.

To parse CSV, use the CSV parse utility:

const parse =require('csv-parse/lib/sync');const responseJson =parse(pm.response.text());

To parse HTML, use cheerio:

const $ = cheerio.load(pm.response.text());//output the html for testing
console.log($.html());

If you can't parse the response body to JavaScript because it's not formatted as JSON, XML, HTML, CSV, or any other parsable data format, you can still make assertions on the data.

Test if the response body contains a string:

pm.test("Body contains string",()=>{pm.expect(pm.response.text()).to.include("customer_id");});

This doesn't tell you where the string was encountered because it carries out the test on the whole response body. Test if a response matches a string (which will typically only be effective with short responses):

pm.test("Body is string",function(){pm.response.to.have.body("whole-body-text");});

断言 HTTP response

Your tests can check various aspects of a request response, including the body, status codes, headers, cookies, response times, and more.

响应体

Check for particular values in the response body:

pm.test("Person is Jane",()=>{const responseJson = pm.response.json();pm.expect(responseJson.name).to.eql("Jane");pm.expect(responseJson.age).to.eql(23);});

状态码

Test for the response status code:

pm.test("Status code is 201",()=>{pm.response.to.have.status(201);});

If you want to test for the status code being one of a set, include them all in an array and use oneOf:

pm.test("Successful POST request",()=>{pm.expect(pm.response.code).to.be.oneOf([201,202]);});

Check the status code text:

pm.test("Status code name has string",()=>{pm.response.to.have.status("Created");});

响应头

Check that a response header is present:

pm.test("Content-Type header is present",()=>{pm.response.to.have.header("Content-Type");});

Test for a response header having a particular value:

pm.test("Content-Type header is application/json",()=>{pm.expect(pm.response.headers.get('Content-Type')).to.eql('application/json');});

cookie

Test if a cookie is present in the response:

pm.test("Cookie JSESSIONID is present",()=>{pm.expect(pm.cookies.has('JSESSIONID')).to.be.true;});

Test for a particular cookie value:

pm.test("Cookie isLoggedIn has value 1",()=>{pm.expect(pm.cookies.get('isLoggedIn')).to.eql('1');});

响应时间

Test for the response time to be within a specified range:

pm.test("Response time is less than 200ms",()=>{pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(200);});

一般性断言

断言value type

/* response has this structure:
{"name": "Jane","age": 29,"hobbies": ["skating","painting"],"email": null
}
*/const jsonData = pm.response.json();
pm.test("Test data type of the response",()=>{pm.expect(jsonData).to.be.an("object");pm.expect(jsonData.name).to.be.a("string");pm.expect(jsonData.age).to.be.a("number");pm.expect(jsonData.hobbies).to.be.an("array");pm.expect(jsonData.website).to.be.undefined;pm.expect(jsonData.email).to.be.null;});

断言数组属性

Check if an array is empty, and if it contains particular items:

/*
response has this structure:
{"errors": [],"areas": [ "goods", "services" ],"settings": [{"type": "notification","detail": [ "email", "sms" ]},{"type": "visual","detail": [ "light", "large" ]}]
}
*/const jsonData = pm.response.json();
pm.test("Test array properties",()=>{//errors array is emptypm.expect(jsonData.errors).to.be.empty;//areas includes "goods"pm.expect(jsonData.areas).to.include("goods");//get the notification settings 
objectconst notificationSettings = jsonData.settings.find(m=> m.type ==="notification");pm.expect(notificationSettings).to.be.an("object","Could not find the setting");//detail array must include "sms"pm.expect(notificationSettings.detail).to.include("sms");//detail array must include all listedpm.expect(notificationSettings.detail).to.have.members(["email","sms"]);});

断言object属性

Assert that an object contains keys or properties:

pm.expect({a:1,b:2}).to.have.all.keys('a','b');
pm.expect({a:1,b:2}).to.have.any.keys('a','b');
pm.expect({a:1,b:2}).to.not.have.any.keys('c','d');
pm.expect({a:1}).to.have.property('a');
pm.expect({a:1,b:2}).to.be.an('object').that.has.all.keys('a','b');

Target can be an object, set, array or map. If .keys is run without .all or .any, the expression defaults to .all. As .keys behavior varies based on the target type, it's recommended to check the type before using .keys with .a.

断言值在集合里

check a response value against a list of valid options:

pm.test("Value is in valid list",()=>{pm.expect(pm.response.json().type).to.be.oneOf(["Subscriber","Customer","User"]);});

断言包含object

Check that an object is part of a parent object:

/*
response has the following structure:
{"id": "d8893057-3e91-4cdd-a36f-a0af460b6373","created": true,"errors": []
}
*/pm.test("Object is contained",()=>{const expectedObject ={"created":true,"errors":[]};pm.expect(pm.response.json()).to.deep.include(expectedObject);});

Using .deep causes all .equal, .include, .members, .keys, and .property assertions that follow in the chain to use deep equality (loose equality) instead of strict (===) equality. While the .eql also compares loosely, .deep.equal causes deep equality comparisons to also be used for any other assertions that follow in the chain, while .eql doesn't.

验证响应结构

Carry out JSON schema validation with Tiny Validator V4 (tv4):

const schema ={"items":{"type":"boolean"}};
const data1 =[true,false];
const data2 =[true,123];pm.test('Schema is valid',function(){pm.expect(tv4.validate(data1, schema)).to.be.true;pm.expect(tv4.validate(data2, schema)).to.be.true;});

Validate JSON schema with the Ajv JSON schema validator:

const schema ={"properties":{"alpha":{"type":"boolean"}}};
pm.test('Schema is valid',function(){pm.response.to.have.jsonSchema(schema);});

发送异步请求

Send a request from your test code and log the response.

pm.sendRequest("https://postman-echo.com/get",function(err, response){console.log(response.json());});