毕设：《基于hive的音乐数据分析系统的设计与实现》

---

环境启动

启动hadoop图形化界面

cd /opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/sbin/./start-dfs.sh
./start-yarn.sh# 或者
./start-all.sh

启动hive

hive

---

一、爬取数据

1.1、歌单信息

CREATE TABLE playlist (PlaylistID INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,Type VARCHAR(255),Title VARCHAR(255),PlayCount VARCHAR(255),Contributor VARCHAR(255)
);

# _*_ coding : utf-8 _*_
# @Time : 2023/11/15 10:26
# @Author : Laptoy
# @File : 01_playlist
# @Project : finalDesign
import requests
import time
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import pymysqldb_connection = pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",password="root",database="music"
)
cursor = db_connection.cursor()headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/119.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}types = ['华语', '欧美', '日语', '韩语', '粤语']for type in types:# 按类型获取歌单for i in range(0, 1295, 35):url = 'https://music.163.com/discover/playlist/?cat=' + type + '&order=hot&limit=35&offset=' + str(i)response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)html = response.textsoup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')# 获取包含歌单详情页网址的标签ids = soup.select('.dec a')# 获取包含歌单索引页信息的标签lis = soup.select('#m-pl-container li')print(len(lis))print('类型', '标题', '播放量', '歌单贡献者', '歌单链接')for j in range(len(lis)):# 标准歌单类型type = type# 获取歌单标题,替换英文分割符title = ids[j]['title'].replace(',', '，')# 获取歌单播放量playCount = lis[j].select('.nb')[0].get_text()# 获取歌单贡献者名字contributor = lis[j].select('p')[1].select('a')[0].get_text()# 输出歌单索引页信息print(type, title, playCount, contributor)insert_query = "INSERT INTO playlist (Type, Title, PlayCount, Contributor) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)"playlist_data = (type, title, playCount, contributor)cursor.execute(insert_query, playlist_data)db_connection.commit()time.sleep(0.1)
cursor.close()
db_connection.close()

---

1.2、每首歌前20条评论

CREATE TABLE `comment`  (`song_id` varchar(20),`song_name` varchar(255),`comment` varchar(255),`nickname` varchar(50)
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_unicode_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

# _*_ coding : utf-8 _*_
# @Time : 2023/11/15 15:09
# @Author : Laptoy
# @File : ces
# @Project : finalDesign
import requests
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from lxml import etree
from binascii import b2a_base64
import json
import time
import pymysql
from pymysql.converters import escape_stringheaders = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/119.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}
e = '010001'
f = '00e0b509f6259df8642dbc35662901477df22677ec152b5ff68ace615bb7b725152b3ab17a876aea8a5aa76d2e417629ec4ee341f56135fccf695280104e0312ecbda92557c93870114af6c9d05c4f7f0c3685b7a46bee255932575cce10b424d813cfe4875d3e82047b97ddef52741d546b8e289dc6935b3ece0462db0a22b8e7'g = '0CoJUm6Qyw8W8jud'
# 随机值
i = 'vDIsXMJJZqADRVBP'def get_163():# 热歌榜URLtoplist_url = 'https://music.163.com/discover/toplist?id=3778678'response = requests.get(toplist_url, headers=headers)html = response.content.decode()html = etree.HTML(html)namelist = html.xpath("//div[@id='song-list-pre-cache']/ul[@class='f-hide']/li")# 可选择保存到文件# f = open('./wangyi_hotcomments.txt',mode='a',encoding='utf-8')for name in namelist:song_name = name.xpath('./a/text()')[0]song_id = name.xpath('./a/@href')[0].split('=')[1]content = get_hotConmments(song_id)print(song_name, song_id)save_mysql(song_id, song_name, content)# f.writelines(song_id+song_name)# f.write('\n')# f.write(str(content))# f.close()def get_encSecKey():encSecKey = "516070c7404b42f34c24ef20b659add657c39e9c52125e9e9f7f5441b4381833a407e5ed302cac5d24beea1c1629b17ccb86e0d9d57f6508db5fb7a6df660089ac57b093d19421d386101676a1c8d1e312e099a3463f81fbe91f28211f9eccccfbfc64148fdd65e2b9f5fcf439a865b95fb656e36f75091957f0a1d39ca8ddd3"return encSecKeydef get_params(data):first = enconda_params(data, g)second = enconda_params(first, i)return second# 加密params
def enconda_params(data, key):d = 16 - len(data) % 16data += chr(d) * ddata = data.encode('utf-8')aes = AES.new(key=key.encode('utf-8'), IV='0102030405060708'.encode('utf-8'), mode=AES.MODE_CBC)bs = aes.encrypt(data)# b64解码params = b2a_base64(bs).decode('utf-8')# params = b64decode(bs)return paramsdef get_hotConmments(id):# print(id)# 提交的信息data = {'cursor': '-1','offset': '0','orderType': '1','pageNo': '1','pageSize': '20','rid': f'R_SO_4_{id}','threadId': f'R_SO_4_{id}'}post_data = {'params': get_params(json.dumps(data)),'encSecKey': get_encSecKey()}# 获取评论的URLsong_url = 'https://music.163.com/weapi/comment/resource/comments/get?csrf_token=ce10dc34c626dc6aef3e07c86be16d70'response = requests.post(url=song_url, data=post_data, headers=headers)# time.sleep(1)json_dict = json.loads(response.content)# print(json_dict)hotcontent = {}for content in json_dict['data']['hotComments']:content_text = content['content']content_id = content['user']['nickname']hotcontent[content_id] = content_textreturn hotcontent# 保存到MySQL数据库
def save_mysql(song_id, song_name, content):connect = pymysql.Connect(host='localhost',port=3306,user='root',passwd='root',db='music',# charset='utf8mb4')cursor = connect.cursor()# sql = "inster into music_163 velues(%d,'%s','%s','%s')"sql = """INSERT INTO comment(song_id, song_name, comment,nickname)VALUES(%d, '%s', '%s', '%s')"""for nikename in content:data = (int(song_id), escape_string(song_name), escape_string(content[nikename]), escape_string(nikename))print(data)cursor.execute(sql % data)connect.commit()if __name__ == '__main__':get_163()

---

1.3、排行榜

CREATE TABLE `chart`  (`Chart` varchar(255),`Rank` varchar(255),`Title` varchar(255),`Times` varchar(255),`Singer` varchar(255)
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

# _*_ coding : utf-8 _*_
# @Time : 2023/11/15 14:20
# @Author : Laptoy
# @File : 02_musicChart
# @Project : finalDesign
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import pymysql
import timedb_connection = pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",password="root",database="music"
)
cursor = db_connection.cursor()driver = webdriver.Chrome()
ids = ['19723756', '3779629', '2884035', '3778678']
charts = ['飙升榜', '新歌榜', '原创榜', '热歌榜']for id, chart in zip(ids, charts):driver.get('https://music.163.com/#/discover/toplist?id=' + id)driver.switch_to.frame('contentFrame')time.sleep(1)divs = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//*[@class="g-wrap12"]//tr[contains(@id,"1")]')for div in divs:# 榜单类型chart = chart# 标题title = div.find_element(By.XPATH, './/div[@class="ttc"]//b').get_attribute('title')# 排名rank = div.find_element(By.XPATH, './/span[@class="num"]').text# 时长times = div.find_element(By.XPATH, './/span[@class="u-dur "]').text# 歌手singer = div.find_element(By.XPATH, './td/div[@class="text"]/span').get_attribute('title')print(chart, title, rank, times, singer)insert_query = "INSERT INTO chart(chart, title, rank, times,singer) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"chart_data = (chart, title, rank, times, singer)cursor.execute(insert_query, chart_data)db_connection.commit()time.sleep(1)
cursor.close()
db_connection.close()

---

二、搭建环境

1.1、搭建JAVA

mkdir /opt/tools
mkdir /opt/servertar -zvxf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/server

vim /etc/profile# 文件末尾增加
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/server/jdk1.8.0_131
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATHsource /etc/profilejava -version

1、配置免密登录

vim /etc/hosts
# 文件末尾增加
192.168.88.110  [主机名]

ssh-keygen -t rsacd ~/.ssh
cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
chmod 600 authorized_keys

---

1.2、配置hadoop

tar -zvxf hadoop-3.1.0.tar.gz -C /opt/server/

# 进入/opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/etc/hadoop
vim hadoop-env.sh
# 文件添加
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/server/jdk1.8.0_131

vim core-site.xml

<configuration><property><!--指定 namenode 的 hdfs 协议文件系统的通信地址--><name>fs.defaultFS</name><value>hdfs://[主机名]:8020</value></property><property><!--指定 hadoop 数据文件存储目录--><name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name><value>/home/hadoop/data</value></property>
</configuration>

hdfs-site.xml

<configuration><property><!--由于我们这里搭建是单机版本，所以指定 dfs 的副本系数为 1--><name>dfs.replication</name><value>1</value></property>
</configuration>

vim workers
# 配置所有从属节点的主机名或 IP 地址，由于是单机版本，所以指定本机即可：
server

1、关闭防火墙

# 查看防火墙状态
sudo firewall-cmd --state
# 关闭防火墙:
sudo systemctl stop firewalld
# 禁止开机启动
sudo systemctl disable firewalld

2、初始化

cd /opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/bin
./hdfs namenode -format

3、配置启动用户

cd /opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/sbin/
# 编辑start-dfs.sh、stop-dfs.sh,在顶部加入以下内容
# 编辑start-all.sh、stop-all.sh,在顶部加入以下内容
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hdfs
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root

4、启动

cd /opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/sbin/
./start-dfs.shjps

5、访问

192.168.88.110:9870

6、配置环境变量方便启动

vim /etc/profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0
export PATH=$PATH:${HADOOP_HOME}/bin:${HADOOP_HOME}/sbin
source /etc/profile

---

1.3、配置Hadoop环境：YARN

# 进入/opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/etc/hadoop
vim mapred-site.xml

<configuration><property><name>mapreduce.framework.name</name><value>yarn</value></property><property><name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env</name><value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}</value></property><property><name>mapreduce.map.env</name><value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}</value></property><property><name>mapreduce.reduce.env</name><value>HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}</value></property>
</configuration>

vim yarn-site.xml

<configuration><property><!--配置 NodeManager 上运行的附属服务。需要配置成 mapreduce_shuffle 后才可以在Yarn 上运行 MapRedvimuce 程序。--><name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name><value>mapreduce_shuffle</value></property>
</configuration>

cd /opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/sbin/
# start-yarn.sh stop-yarn.sh在两个文件顶部添加以下内容
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

./start-yarn.sh

---

1.4、MYSQL

# 用于存放安装包
mkdir /opt/tools
# 用于存放解压后的文件
mkdir /opt/server

卸载Centos7自带mariadb

# 查找
rpm -qa|grep mariadb
# mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
# 卸载
rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

# 创建mysql安装包存放点
mkdir /opt/server/mysql
# 解压
tar xvf mysql-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /opt/server/mysql/

# 安装依赖
yum -y install libaio
yum -y install libncurses*
yum -y install perl perl-devel
# 切换到安装目录
cd /opt/server/mysql/
# 安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

#启动mysql
systemctl start mysqld.service
#查看生成的临时root密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

# 登录mysql
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:     #输入在日志中生成的临时密码
# 更新root密码 设置为root
set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_length=1;
set password=password('root');

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by 'root';
# 刷新
flush privileges;

#mysql的启动和关闭 状态查看
systemctl stop mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
#建议设置为开机自启动服务
systemctl enable mysqld
#查看是否已经设置自启动成功
systemctl list-unit-files | grep mysqld

---

1.5、HIVE(数据仓库)

# 切换到安装包目录
cd /opt/tools
# 解压到/root/server目录
tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/server/

# 上传mysql-connector-java-5.1.38.jar到下面目录
cd /opt/server/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/lib

配置文件

cd /opt/server/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/conf
cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
vim hive-env.sh
# 加入以下内容
HADOOP_HOME=/opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0

cd /opt/server/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/conf
vim hive-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration><!-- 存储元数据mysql相关配置 /etc/hosts --><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name><value> jdbc:mysql://[主机名]:3306/hive?
createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;chara
cterEncoding=UTF-8</value></property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name><value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value></property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name><value>root</value></property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name><value>root</value></property>
</configuration>

初始化表

cd /opt/server/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/bin
./schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

---

1.6、Sqoop（关系数据库数据迁移）

1、拉取sqoop

# /opt/tools
wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/sqoop/1.4.7/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gztar -zxvf sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt/server/

2、配置

cd /opt/server/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/conf
cp sqoop-env-template.sh sqoop-env.shvim sqoop-env.sh
# 加入以下内容
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/server/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin

3、加入mysql的jdbc驱动包

cd /opt/server/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/lib
# mysql-connector-java-5.1.38.jar

---

三、hadoop配置内存

修改yarn-site.xml

<configuration><!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties --><property><name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name><value>mapreduce_shuffle</value></property><property><name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio</name><value>4</value></property>
</configuration>

重启

cd /opt/server/hadoop-3.1.0/sbin
./stop-all.sh
./start-all.sh

---

四、导入数据到hive

1、hive创建数据库

create database music;
use music;

2、hive创建数据表

# -- 将数据当做一列放入表中，后续再使用sql进行分割处理
CREATE TABLE chart_content(content STRING
);
CREATE TABLE playlist_content (content STRING
);

3、hive加载csv文件进hive表

load data local inpath '/opt/data/chart.csv' into table chart_content;
load data local inpath '/opt/data/playlist.csv' into table playlist;

4、创建表

CREATE TABLE `chart`  (`Chart` string,`Rank` string,`Title` string,`Times` string,`Singer` string
);CREATE TABLE `playlist`  (`PlaylistID` string,`Type` string,`Title` string,`PlayCount` string,`Contributor` string
);CREATE TABLE playlist (`PlaylistID` string,`Type` string,`Title` string,`PlayCount` string,`Contributor` string
)
row format delimited
fields terminated by ',';

5、将数据插入表中去掉","

INSERT INTO TABLE `chart`
SELECTsplit(content, ',')[0] AS `Chart`,split(content, ',')[1] AS `Rank`,split(content, ',')[2] AS `Title`,split(content, ',')[3] AS `Times`,split(content, ',')[4] AS `Singer`
FROM `chart_content`;INSERT INTO TABLE `playlist`
SELECTsplit(content, ',')[0] AS `PlaylistID`,split(content, ',')[1] AS `Type`,split(content, ',')[2] AS `Title`,split(content, ',')[3] AS `PlayCount`,split(content, ',')[4] AS `Contributor`
FROM `playlist_content`;

---

SELECTPlaylistID,Type,Title,CAST(PlayCount AS int) AS PlayCount,Contributor
FROM playlist;

SELECTREGEXP_REPLACE(Contributor, '"', '')
FROM playlist;