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Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (四) : 带滤镜预览

news 2026/2/8 10:35:41

1. 前言

这段时间，在使用 natario1/CameraView 来实现带滤镜的预览、拍照、录像功能。
由于CameraView封装的比较到位，在项目前期，的确为我们节省了不少时间。
但随着项目持续深入，对于CameraView的使用进入深水区，逐渐出现满足不了我们需求的情况。
Github中的issues中，有些BUG作者一直没有修复。

那要怎么办呢 ? 项目迫切地需要实现相关功能，只能自己硬着头皮去看它的源码，去解决这些问题。
上篇文章，我们对带滤镜拍照的相关类有了大致的了解，这篇文章我们来看下CameraView是怎么实现带滤镜预览的。

以下源码解析基于CameraView 2.7.2

implementation("com.otaliastudios:cameraview:2.7.2")

为了在博客上更好的展示，本文贴出的代码进行了部分精简

在这里插入图片描述

2. 初始化CameraEngine

这部分逻辑和普通的预览一样 : Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (一) : 预览，这里就略过了。

protected CameraEngine instantiateCameraEngine(Engine engine, CameraEngine.Callback callback) {if (mExperimental && engine == Engine.CAMERA2) {return new Camera2Engine(callback);} else {mEngine = Engine.CAMERA1;return new Camera1Engine(callback);}
}

3. 初始化CameraPreview

这里和不同预览不同的地方，是普通的预览创建的是SurfaceCameraPreview，而使用OpenGL的预览使用的是GlCameraPreview

protected CameraPreview instantiatePreview(@NonNull Preview preview,@NonNull Context context,@NonNull ViewGroup container) {switch (preview) {case SURFACE:return new SurfaceCameraPreview(context, container);case TEXTURE: {if (isHardwareAccelerated()) {// TextureView is not supported without hardware acceleration.return new TextureCameraPreview(context, container);}}case GL_SURFACE:default: {mPreview = Preview.GL_SURFACE;return new GlCameraPreview(context, container);}}
}

4. 初始化GLSurfaceView

在GlCameraPreview的onCreateView()方法中，初始化了GLSurfaceView

4.1 初始化布局

在初始化布局中，通过findViewById获得了GLSurfaceView

protected GLSurfaceView onCreateView(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull ViewGroup parent) {ViewGroup root = (ViewGroup) LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.cameraview_gl_view, parent, false);final GLSurfaceView glView = root.findViewById(R.id.gl_surface_view);//...省略了代码...在下文中详细说明parent.addView(root, 0);mRootView = root;return glView;
}

4.2 初始化Renderer

这里创建了Renderer类，Renderer是我们这里的关键，下文会详细再讲

final Renderer renderer = instantiateRenderer();

protected Renderer instantiateRenderer() {return new Renderer();
}

4.3 将GlCameraPreview和Renderer建立关联

这里调用了glView.setRenderer，将GlCameraPreview和Renderer建立了关联

glView.setEGLContextClientVersion(2);
glView.setRenderer(renderer);
glView.setRenderMode(GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY);

5. Renderer类

Renderer类继承自GLSurfaceView.Renderer，有3个实现方法onSurfaceCreated、onSurfaceChanged、onDrawFrame

public interface Renderer {void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config);void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height);void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl);
}

5.1 onSurfaceCreated

在onSurfaceCreated里，我们会初始化GlTextureDrawer，并将Filter赋值给GlTextureDrawer，GlTextureDrawer是负责绘制的类。
接着，由于我们使用的是GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY，所以要在合适的时机去调用requestRender来通知OpenGL渲染。

public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {if (mCurrentFilter == null) {mCurrentFilter = new NoFilter();}mOutputTextureDrawer = new GlTextureDrawer();mOutputTextureDrawer.setFilter(mCurrentFilter);final int textureId = mOutputTextureDrawer.getTexture().getId();mInputSurfaceTexture = new SurfaceTexture(textureId);getView().queueEvent(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {for (RendererFrameCallback callback : mRendererFrameCallbacks) {callback.onRendererTextureCreated(textureId);}}});// Since we are using GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY, we must notify// the SurfaceView of dirtyness, so that it draws again. This is how it's done.mInputSurfaceTexture.setOnFrameAvailableListener(new SurfaceTexture.OnFrameAvailableListener() {@Overridepublic void onFrameAvailable(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture) {getView().requestRender(); // requestRender is thread-safe.}});
}

还有一点，会分发RendererFrameCallback回调的onRendererTextureCreated()，带滤镜拍照、录像都实现了RendererFrameCallback回调，从而来现实拍照和录像的功能。

SnapshotGlPictureRecorder中take()的时候会添加该回调 : 是用来拍照的。
SnapshotVideoRecorder : 是用来录制视频的。

这两个我们后面的文章会讲，这里先略过。

5.2 onSurfaceChanged

5.2.1 设置尺寸

在onSurfaceChanged方法中，会调用gl.glViewport，从而确定OpenGL窗口中显示的区域。
然后会调用Filter.setSize()，从而设置滤镜的尺寸。

public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, final int width, final int height) {gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);mCurrentFilter.setSize(width, height);if (!mDispatched) {dispatchOnSurfaceAvailable(width, height);mDispatched = true;} else if (width != mOutputSurfaceWidth || height != mOutputSurfaceHeight) {dispatchOnSurfaceSizeChanged(width, height);}
}

5.2.2 裁剪缩放计算

在dispatchOnSurfaceAvailable()中，会将宽高赋值给mOutputSurfaceWidth和mOutputSurfaceHeight

protected final void dispatchOnSurfaceAvailable(int width, int height) {mOutputSurfaceWidth = width;mOutputSurfaceHeight = height;if (mOutputSurfaceWidth > 0 && mOutputSurfaceHeight > 0) {crop(mCropCallback);}if (mSurfaceCallback != null) {mSurfaceCallback.onSurfaceAvailable();}
}

并调用crop进行裁剪缩放的计算，这里的mCropping、mCropScaleX、mCropScaleY 都会在后面绘制的时候用到。

protected void crop(@Nullable final CropCallback callback) {if (mInputStreamWidth > 0 && mInputStreamHeight > 0 && mOutputSurfaceWidth > 0&& mOutputSurfaceHeight > 0) {float scaleX = 1f, scaleY = 1f;AspectRatio current = AspectRatio.of(mOutputSurfaceWidth, mOutputSurfaceHeight);AspectRatio target = AspectRatio.of(mInputStreamWidth, mInputStreamHeight);if (current.toFloat() >= target.toFloat()) {// We are too short. Must increase height.scaleY = current.toFloat() / target.toFloat();} else {// We must increase width.scaleX = target.toFloat() / current.toFloat();}mCropping = scaleX > 1.02f || scaleY > 1.02f;mCropScaleX = 1F / scaleX;mCropScaleY = 1F / scaleY;getView().requestRender();}if (callback != null) callback.onCrop();
}

5.3 onDrawFrame

在我们调用requestRender()后，就会触发onDrawFrame。
在onDrawFrame中，会操作OpenGL进行重新的绘制，并渲染到GlSurfaceView上，从而达到预览的效果。

5.3.1 进行裁剪、旋转等操作

这部分获取了transform 矩阵，然后根据之前计算出来的mCropping、mCropScaleX、mCropScaleY 等参数进行裁剪和旋转的操作

final float[] transform = mOutputTextureDrawer.getTextureTransform();
mInputSurfaceTexture.updateTexImage();
mInputSurfaceTexture.getTransformMatrix(transform);
// LOG.v("onDrawFrame:", "timestamp:", mInputSurfaceTexture.getTimestamp());// For Camera2, apply the draw rotation.
// See TextureCameraPreview.setDrawRotation() for info.
if (mDrawRotation != 0) {Matrix.translateM(transform, 0, 0.5F, 0.5F, 0);Matrix.rotateM(transform, 0, mDrawRotation, 0, 0, 1);Matrix.translateM(transform, 0, -0.5F, -0.5F, 0);
}if (isCropping()) {// Scaling is easy, but we must also translate before:// If the view is 10x1000 (very tall), it will show only the left strip// of the preview (not the center one).// If the view is 1000x10 (very large), it will show only the bottom strip// of the preview (not the center one).float translX = (1F - mCropScaleX) / 2F;float translY = (1F - mCropScaleY) / 2F;Matrix.translateM(transform, 0, translX, translY, 0);Matrix.scaleM(transform, 0, mCropScaleX, mCropScaleY, 1);
}

5.3.2 进行绘制

接着，调用mOutputTextureDrawer.draw()从而重新进行绘制，并渲染到GlSurfaceView上，从而达到了预览的效果。

 mOutputTextureDrawer.draw(mInputSurfaceTexture.getTimestamp() / 1000L);

5.3.3 分发回调

最后会调用RendererFrameCallback.onRendererFrame，RendererFrameCallback我们刚才已经说过了，带滤镜拍照、录像都实现了这个RendererFrameCallback回调，从而来现实拍照和录像的功能，这不是本文的重点，这里我们也先略过，后续文章中会详细讲解。

for (RendererFrameCallback callback : mRendererFrameCallbacks) {callback.onRendererFrame(mInputSurfaceTexture, mDrawRotation, mCropScaleX, mCropScaleY);
}

6. 其他

6.1 CameraView源码解析系列

Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (一) : 预览-CSDN博客
Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (二) : 拍照-CSDN博客
Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (三) : 滤镜相关类说明-CSDN博客
Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (四) : 带滤镜预览-CSDN博客
Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (五) : 带滤镜拍照-CSDN博客
Android 相机库CameraView源码解析 (六) : 保存滤镜效果-CSDN博客