『heqingchun-ubuntu系统下安装nvidia显卡驱动3种方法』

ubuntu系统下安装nvidia显卡驱动3种方法

一、安装依赖

1.更新

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade -y

2.基础工具

sudo apt install -y build-essential python

图形界面相关

sudo apt install -y lightdm

注:在弹出对话框选择"lightdm"

二、第一种：使用ubuntu系统带有功能安装

打开ubuntu系统的“软件和更新”，点击“附加驱动”，选择“使用 NVIDIA driver metapackage 来自 nvidia-driver-535(专有)”，点击“应用更改”按钮，等待完成即可。
完成后验证指令：

nvidia-smi

弹出如下信息代表安装成功：

Thu Oct 12 11:19:09 2023       
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 535.113.01             Driver Version: 535.113.01   CUDA Version: 12.2     |
|-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                      |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 ...    Off | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| N/A   33C    P8               6W /  60W |     70MiB /  4096MiB |      3%      Default |
|                                         |                      |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------++---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                            |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                            GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                             Usage      |
|=======================================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A       945      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                           65MiB |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

三、第二种：单独下载安装驱动

1.下载：

进入如下网址：

https://www.nvidia.cn/

图：

点击右上角“驱动程序”，根据显卡型号需要选择相应选项：
图：

点击“搜索按钮”：
图：

点击“下载”按钮：
图：

点击“同意并开始下载”按钮，等待下载完成即可。下载得到“NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.113.01.run”文件，将文件复制到英文路径的目录中，如：“/home/heqingchun/soft/nvidia”

2.安装驱动前的系统配置工作

(1)卸载原有驱动

sudo apt remove --purge nvidia*

(2)禁用nouveau

备份文件

sudo cp /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf.backup

打开文件

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

修改文件

在文件末尾添加如下内容

blacklist nouveau
blacklist lbm-nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
alias nouveau off
alias lbm-nouveau off

保存后关闭文件

关闭nouveau

echo options nouveau modeset=0 | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/nouveau-kms.conf

更新

sudo update-initramfs -u

重启电脑

reboot

重启后查看是否禁用成功

执行以下内容，没有任何输出内容则为成功禁用

lsmod | grep nouveau

3.开始安装驱动(以下需要进入黑窗口，可以将下面命令拍照或使用手机CSDN查看继续)

(1)按下组合键ctrl+alt+f3（f1-f6均可）进入字符界面

(2)字符界面登陆

注意此时小键盘不可用，先输入用户名，在输入密码

(3)关闭图形界面

sudo service lightdm stop

(4)给驱动文件赋予执行权限

cd /home/heqingchun/soft/nvidia

chmod  755 NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.113.01.run

(4)安装

-no-x-check：安装驱动时关闭X服务
-no-nouveau-check：安装驱动时禁用nouveau
-no-opengl-files：只安装驱动文件，不安装OpenGL文件

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.113.01.run -no-x-check -no-nouveau-check -no-opengl-files

安装过程中一些选项选择：
1.

An alternate method of installing the NVIDIA driver was detected.(This is usually a package provided by your distributor.) A driver installed via that method may integrate better with you system than a driver installed by 
naidia-installer.
Please review the message provided by the maintainer of this alternate installation method and decide how to proceed:
Continue installation										Abort installtion
The NVIDIA driver provided by Ubuntu can be installed by launching the "Software & Updates" application,and by selecting the NVIDIA driver from the "Additional Drivers" tab.

选择"Continue installation"
2.

Install NVIDIA's 32-bit compatibility libraries?

选择"No"
3.

Would you like to run the nvidia-xconfig utility to automatically update you X configuration file so that the NVIDIA X driver will be used when you restart X? Any pre-existing X configuration file will be backed up.

选择"Yes"
4.

Your X configuration file has been successfully updated. Installation of the NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver for Linux-x86_64 (version:535.113.01) is now complete.

说明安装驱动成功。

(5)安装完毕打开图形界面并且重启电脑

注：重启后进入bios设置，确认：1.设置独显直连 2.关闭安全启动

sudo service lightdm start && reboot

(6)重启后检查是否安装成功

终端输入以下命令

nvidia-smi

显示如下：

Thu Oct 12 11:19:09 2023       
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 535.113.01             Driver Version: 535.113.01   CUDA Version: 12.2     |
|-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                      |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 ...    Off | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| N/A   33C    P8               6W /  60W |     70MiB /  4096MiB |      3%      Default |
|                                         |                      |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------++---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                            |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                            GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                             Usage      |
|=======================================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A       945      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                           65MiB |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

四、第三种：驱动和CUDA同时安装

1.文件下载

网址

https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit-archive

依次点击

(1)“CUDA Toolkit 11.6.2”

(2)“Linux”

(3)“x86_64”

(4)“Ubuntu”

(5)“20.04”

(6)“runfile(local)”

在"Installation Instructions:"下方为下载安装指令
下载指令(文件需下载到英文路径)，如：

cd /home/heqingchun/soft/nvidia

wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.6.2/local_installers/cuda_11.6.2_510.47.03_linux.run

在“/home/heqingchun/soft/nvidia”路径中下载得到“cuda_11.6.2_510.47.03_linux.run”文件
以下是安装时使用的指令

sudo sh cuda_11.6.2_510.47.03_linux.run

2.cuda安装

(1)赋予可执行权限

chmod 755 cuda_11.6.2_510.47.03_linux.run

(2)运行安装

sudo sh cuda_11.6.2_510.47.03_linux.run

期间会弹出对话框，需手动输入"accept"回车

CUDA Installer                                                               │
│ - [X ] Driver                                                                 │
│      [X ] 510.47.03                                                           │
│ + [X] CUDA Toolkit 11.6                                                      │
│   [X] CUDA Samples 11.6                                                      │
│   [X] CUDA Demo Suite 11.6                                                   │
│   [X] CUDA Documentation 11.6                                                │
│   Options                                                                    │
│   Install       

向下选择"install"后等待安装完毕即可。
ubuntu系统下安装nvidia显卡驱动3种方法-完毕