k8s-第一节-minikube

minikube

服务器启动

# 启动集群
minikube start
# 启动集群并使用docker驱动
minikube start --driver=docker
To make docker the default driver:minikube config set driver docker
# 查看节点。kubectl 是一个用来跟 K8S 集群进行交互的命令行工具
kubectl get node
# 停止集群
minikube stop
# 清空集群
minikube delete --all
# 安装集群可视化 Web UI 控制台
minikube dashboard

minikube 安装以后可以再安装kubectl ，不必使用minikube kubectl 来用

kubectl cluster-info 查看集群配置是否正确

kubectl容器操作

kubectl get namespace//获得所有命名空间
kubectl get pod --all-namespaces -o wide//获得命名空间下的所有容器通过kubectl get pods查询，然后通过下面命令进入
kubectl exec -it nas-all-0 /bin/bash新版使用这个进入容器
kubectl exec test-pod -it -- /bin/bash//进入命名空间下的容器，application是命名空间，psqls-0是容器
kubectl exec -it -n application psqls-0 /bin/bash//拷贝内容内文件，拷贝出来
kubectl cp -n application psqls-0:/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_wal /home
//拷贝进去
kubectl cp /home/dades/pg_wal -n application psqls-0:/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_wal

kubect pod 操作

kubectl get pod -o wide
kubectl get pod -o wide -n <namespace-name># 查看pod详细信息
kubectl describe pod <pod-name>Name:             testapp
Namespace:        default #在哪个namespace下面
Priority:         0
Service Account:  default
Node:             minikube/192.168.49.2 #在哪个node下面,后面是nodeIp
Start Time:       Wed, 31 Jan 2024 15:50:21 +0800
Labels:           run=testapp #对应的标签选择器key:value
Annotations:      <none>
Status:           Running
IP:               10.244.0.11
IPs:IP:  10.244.0.11
Containers:testapp:
#   Container ID:   docker://a10cb23fd7cd835a584865076e134278bb77f16282a97208661b95a97a6744e0Image:          ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/k8s-tutorial/test-k8s:v1Image ID:       docker-pullable://ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/k8s-tutorial/test-k8s@sha256:9b452816d6493045a21d8b3d6a851f21ca2e50c86cd57ba8c41141f001d9911dPort:           <none>Host Port:      <none>State:          RunningStarted:      Wed, 31 Jan 2024 15:51:48 +0800Ready:          TrueRestart Count:  0Environment:    <none>Mounts:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-58tk8 (ro)
Conditions:Type              StatusInitialized       TrueReady             TrueContainersReady   TruePodScheduled      True
Volumes:kube-api-access-58tk8:Type:                    Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)TokenExpirationSeconds:  3607ConfigMapName:           kube-root-ca.crtConfigMapOptional:       <nil>DownwardAPI:             true
QoS Class:                   BestEffort
Node-Selectors:              <none>
Tolerations:                 node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300snode.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:Type    Reason     Age   From               Message----    ------     ----  ----               -------Normal  Scheduled  51m   default-scheduler  Successfully assigned default/testapp to minikube# 接受命令，分发任务Normal  Pulling    51m   kubelet            Pulling image "ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/k8s-tutorial/test-k8s:v1"# 拉取镜像Normal  Pulled     49m   kubelet            Successfully pulled image "ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/k8s-tutorial/test-k8s:v1" in 1m25.557s (1m25.557s including waiting)# 拉取成功# 创建容器Normal  Created    49m   kubelet            Created container testappNormal  Started    49m   kubelet            Started container testapp

pod 其他操作

# 查看日志
kubectl logs <pod-name># 进入容器
kubectl exec -it <pod-name> -- /bin/bash

dashboard

minikube dashboard &

返回的url http://127.0.0.1:42005/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/http:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ 为访问地址

但此地址只是容器代理出来的地址，只能本机内网访问，要想在外网访问 dashboard 的UI 界面，需要使用kubectl做一层代理。

kubectl proxy --port=端口号（一个没有被占用的就可以） --address='机器或者虚拟机地址' --accept-hosts='^.*' &

以上命令代理后，访问 http://机器公网IP:上面配置的端口号/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/http:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ 就可以访问到dashboard 的UI 界面