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学习threejs，利用THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体实现svg的拉伸

news 文章来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28419035/article/details/143108542 2024/11/26 10:45:47

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文章目录

一、🍀前言
- 1.1 ☘️THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体概念
二、🍀利用THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体实现svg的拉伸
- 1. ☘️实现思路
- 2. ☘️代码样例

一、🍀前言

本文详细介绍如何基于threejs在三维场景中利用THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体实现svg的拉伸，亲测可用。希望能帮助到您。一起学习，加油！加油！

1.1 ☘️THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体概念

THREE.ExtrudeGeometry 是 Three.js 中用于创建挤出几何体的一个类。挤出几何体是从一个二维路径（轮廓）通过沿着某个方向（通常是 Z 轴）“挤出”一定的距离来生成三维几何体。这种方法非常适合创建各种三维模型，如字母、符号、标志等。
创建方法：
构造函数 new THREE.ExtrudeGeometry(shape, extrudeSettings) 接受两个参数来定义挤出几何体的形状和挤出设置。
参数说明
shape：一个 THREE.Shape 对象，定义了要挤出的二维轮廓。
extrudeSettings：一个包含挤出参数的对象，可选参数包括：
amount：挤出的距离，默认为 100。
bevelEnabled：是否启用倒角，默认为 true。
bevelThickness：倒角厚度，默认为 10。
bevelSize：倒角大小，默认为 8。
bevelSegments：倒角分割数量，默认为 1。
steps：挤出路径分割的数量，默认为 1。
curveSegments：曲线分割数量，默认为 12。
uvGenerator：UV 坐标生成器，默认为 THREE.ExtrudeGeometryUVGenerator。

二、🍀利用THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体实现svg的拉伸

1. ☘️实现思路

1、初始化renderer渲染器
2、初始化Scene三维场景
3、初始化camera相机，定义相机位置 camera.position.set
4、初始化THREE.AmbientLight环境光源，scene场景加入环境光源，初始化THREE.DirectionalLight平行光源，设置平行光源位置，scene添加平行光源。
5、加载几何模型：根据svg数据生成THREE.ShapeGeometry几何体，使用THREE.MeshPhongMaterial反射材质，生成mesh物体，scene场景加入mesh。
6、加入controls、gui控制，gui控制中加入asGeom函数用于生成基于svg数据的THREE.ExtrudeGeometry拉伸几何体，加入stats监控器，监控帧数信息。

2. ☘️代码样例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>learn26(svg拉高)</title><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/build/three.js"></script><script src="https://johnson2heng.github.io/three.js-demo/lib/js/libs/d3-threeD.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/utils/SceneUtils.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/stats.min.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/dat.gui.min.js"></script>
</head>
<style>html, body {margin: 0;height: 100%;}canvas {display: block;}
</style>
<body onload="draw()">
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</div>
</body>
<script>var renderervar initRender = () => {renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true})renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement)}var scenevar initScene = () => {scene = new THREE.Scene()}var cameravar initCamera = () => {camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 10000)camera.position.set(0, 0, 1500)}var lightvar initLight = () => {scene.add(new THREE.AmbientLight(0x404040))light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff)light.position.set(1, 1, 1)scene.add(light)}var drawShape = () => {var svgString = document.querySelector("#batman-path").getAttribute('d')var shape = transformSVGPathExposed(svgString)return shape}var createMesh = (geom) => {// 设置当前的模型矩阵沿xy轴偏移，让图片处于显示中心// geom.applyMatrix(new THREE.Matrix4().makeTranslation(-450, -300, 0))// 更新当前几何体的相关盒子模型数据如果设置居中会居中方法内部调用。// geom.computeBoundingBox()//让图形居中显示geom.center()var meshMaterial = new THREE.MeshNormalMaterial({flatShading: THREE.FlatShading,transparent: true,opacity: 0.7})var wireFrameMatl = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial()wireFrameMatl.wireframe = truevar mesh = THREE.SceneUtils.createMultiMaterialObject(geom, [meshMaterial, wireFrameMatl])mesh.rotation.z = Math.PIreturn mesh}var initModel = () => {var helper = new THREE.AxisHelper(20)scene.add(helper)var shape = new THREE.ShapeGeometry(drawShape())var material = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({color:0xff00ff})material.side = THREE.DoubleSidevar mesh = new THREE.Mesh(shape, material)scene.add(mesh)}var statsvar initStats = () => {stats = new Stats()document.body.appendChild(stats.dom)}var controlsvar initControls = () => {controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)controls.enableDamping = true}var gui,shapefunction initGui() {//声明一个保存需求修改的相关数据的对象gui = {amount:2,bevelThickness:2,bevelSize:0.5,bevelEnabled:true,bevelSegments:3,curveSegments:12,steps:1,asGeom:function () {var helper = new THREE.AxisHelper(2000)scene.add(helper)// 删除旧的模型scene.remove(shape)// 创建一个新的var options = {amount: gui.amount,bevelThickness: gui.bevelThickness,bevelSize: gui.bevelSize,bevelSegments: gui.bevelSegments,bevelEnabled: gui.bevelEnabled,curveSegments: gui.curveSegments,steps: gui.steps}shape = createMesh(new THREE.ExtrudeGeometry(drawShape(), options))// 将模型添加到场景当中scene.add(shape)}};var datGui = new dat.GUI()//将设置属性添加到gui当中，gui.add(对象，属性，最小值，最大值）datGui.add(gui, 'amount', 0, 200).onChange(gui.asGeom)datGui.add(gui, 'bevelThickness', 0, 10).onChange(gui.asGeom)datGui.add(gui, 'bevelSize', 0, 10).onChange(gui.asGeom)datGui.add(gui, 'bevelSegments', 0, 30).step(1).onChange(gui.asGeom)datGui.add(gui, 'bevelEnabled').onChange(gui.asGeom)datGui.add(gui, 'curveSegments', 1, 30).step(1).onChange(gui.asGeom)datGui.add(gui, 'steps', 1, 5).step(1).onChange(gui.asGeom)//调用生成一次图形gui.asGeom()}var render = () => {renderer.render(scene, camera)}var onWindowResize = () => {camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeightcamera.updateProjectionMatrix()render()renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)}var animate = () => {render()stats.update()controls.update()requestAnimationFrame(animate)}var draw = () => {initRender()initScene()initCamera()initLight()// initModel()initStats()initControls()initGui()animate()window.onresize = onWindowResize}
</script>
</html>

效果如下：
在这里插入图片描述