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前言：

openstack的部署和使用是难度比较大的，难免会出现各种各样的问题，因此，本文将把一些在部署和使用openstack社区版时出现的错误做一个记录，并就每一个错误分析和解决问题。（尽量记录比较经典的错误，太弱智的那些就不记录了）

一，

错误前情回顾：

创建虚拟机实例失败

创建实例的命令是：

openstack server create  --flavor m1.tiny --image Centos7   --nic net-id=688a0356-4f2b-4029-b49e-a11bbdbedf0b --key-name mykey --security-group e5f115d2-3c65-4bc5-89db-b9f725ee81db    centos7-init2

错误： 实例 "centos7-init2" 执行所请求操作失败，实例处于错误状态。: 请稍后再试 [错误: Exceeded maximum number of retries. Exhausted all hosts available for retrying build failures for instance 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293.]. 

 

在dashboard内，查看实例详情，可以看到错误日志：

消息Exceeded maximum number of retries. Exhausted all hosts available for retrying build failures for instance 17fe6f00-4560-476a-a79b-e6f62d866155.
编码500
详情Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/conductor/manager.py", line 624, in build_instances raise exception.MaxRetriesExceeded(reason=msg) MaxRetriesExceeded: Exceeded maximum number of retries. Exhausted all hosts available for retrying build failures for instance 17fe6f00-4560-476a-a79b-e6f62d866155. 
已创建Feb. 11, 2023, 5:23 p.m. 

虚拟机实例状态是：

 

 

解析：

错误代码是500，并且虚拟机没有获取到fix ip地址，上面最后一图IP地址那是空缺的

以上表明错误发生在网络层面，错误提示是在尝试N次后，虚拟机实例仍无法调度，因此，错误日志必定在nova这个服务内有所体现

因此，在所有包含nova的节点执行以下命令，快速查找错误：

grep "ERROR" /var/log/nova/*

在其中一个计算节点，发现如下日志：

倒数第二行提示security group没有被发现

/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log:2023-02-11 16:49:29.901 970 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293]   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/network/neutronv2/api.py", line 1042, in allocate_for_instance
/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log:2023-02-11 16:49:29.901 970 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293]     instance, neutron, security_groups)
/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log:2023-02-11 16:49:29.901 970 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293]   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/network/neutronv2/api.py", line 829, in _process_security_groups
/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log:2023-02-11 16:49:29.901 970 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293]     security_group_id=security_group)
/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log:2023-02-11 16:49:29.901 970 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293] SecurityGroupNotFound: Security group e5f115d2-3c65-4bc5-89db-b9f725ee81db not found.
/var/log/nova/nova-compute.log:2023-02-11 16:49:29.901 970 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 1bd5d1af-17b1-4524-9f9c-6be299d68293] 

结合实例启动的时间和日志文件内的上下文，可以确定原因是security group没有找到的原因

查看安全组：

[root@openstack1 ~]# openstack security group list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+
| ID                                   | Name    | Description            | Project                          | Tags |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+
| 2035d43a-0e81-4257-bd23-13af431b9f91 | default | Default security group | 205ce8addd9444c893bd62244bcdae78 | []   |
| 5b1b71d7-5e24-4011-82ca-0ddabfd32e8a | default | Default security group |                                  | []   |
| e5f115d2-3c65-4bc5-89db-b9f725ee81db | default | Default security group | ae2263d201c0437788c85f1178b91dbe | []   |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+
[root@openstack1 ~]# openstack project list
+----------------------------------+---------+
| ID                               | Name    |
+----------------------------------+---------+
| 205ce8addd9444c893bd62244bcdae78 | admin   |
| ae2263d201c0437788c85f1178b91dbe | service |
+----------------------------------+---------+

这里就很奇怪了，安全组可以看到，但openstack创建实例的时候又找不到了，可能和前面调整了网络有关系，

解决方案：

要么重建安全组，要么使用第一个 也就是admin项目的安全组，因为是用的admin登陆的openstack

删除实例，重新创建，创建的时候使用2035d43a-0e81-4257-bd23-13af431b9f91 这个安全组：

[root@openstack1 ~]# openstack server delete centos7-init2
[root@openstack1 ~]# openstack server create  --flavor m1.tiny --image Centos7   --nic net-id=688a0356-4f2b-4029-b49e-a11bbdbedf0b --key-name mykey --security-group 2035d43a-0e81-4257-bd23-13af431b9f91   --user-data /tmp/centos.config --config-drive true centos7-init2
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| Field                               | Value                                          |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig                   | MANUAL                                         |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone         |                                                |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host                | None                                           |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None                                           |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name       |                                                |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state              | NOSTATE                                        |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state               | scheduling                                     |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state                 | building                                       |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at              | None                                           |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at            | None                                           |
| accessIPv4                          |                                                |
| accessIPv6                          |                                                |
| addresses                           |                                                |
| adminPass                           | YpnXPX8xmK7T                                   |
| config_drive                        | True                                           |
| created                             | 2023-02-11T09:18:31Z                           |
| flavor                              | m1.tiny (1)                                    |
| hostId                              |                                                |
| id                                  | 9d24d3d9-e42c-4267-816e-ad8414cd3c7f           |
| image                               | Centos7 (2b672c8f-75bf-4fe0-8468-37309563025a) |
| key_name                            | mykey                                          |
| name                                | centos7-init2                                  |
| progress                            | 0                                              |
| project_id                          | 205ce8addd9444c893bd62244bcdae78               |
| properties                          |                                                |
| security_groups                     | name='2035d43a-0e81-4257-bd23-13af431b9f91'    |
| status                              | BUILD                                          |
| updated                             | 2023-02-11T09:18:31Z                           |
| user_id                             | 74bc206609e04092b698698d944e922a               |
| volumes_attached                    |                                                |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+

再次查看实例状态，可以看到没有错误了。dashboard里也看不到错误了：

[root@openstack1 ~]# openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+---------------+---------+--------------------------+---------+---------+
| ID                                   | Name          | Status  | Networks                 | Image   | Flavor  |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+---------+--------------------------+---------+---------+
| 9d24d3d9-e42c-4267-816e-ad8414cd3c7f | centos7-init2 | ACTIVE  | provider=192.168.123.160 | Centos7 | m1.tiny |

二，

前情回顾：

No valid host was found.

还是创建虚拟机失败

 错误代码仍然是500 

消息No valid host was found. 
编码500
详情Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/conductor/manager.py", line 1271, in schedule_and_build_instances instance_uuids, return_alternates=True) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/conductor/manager.py", line 784, in _schedule_instances return_alternates=return_alternates) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/scheduler/client/__init__.py", line 50, in select_destinations instance_uuids, return_objects, return_alternates) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/scheduler/client/__init__.py", line 35, in __run_method return getattr(self.instance, __name)(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/scheduler/client/query.py", line 42, in select_destinations instance_uuids, return_objects, return_alternates) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/scheduler/rpcapi.py", line 160, in select_destinations return cctxt.call(ctxt, 'select_destinations', **msg_args) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_messaging/rpc/client.py", line 179, in call retry=self.retry) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_messaging/transport.py", line 133, in _send retry=retry) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_messaging/_drivers/amqpdriver.py", line 645, in send call_monitor_timeout, retry=retry) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_messaging/_drivers/amqpdriver.py", line 636, in _send raise result NoValidHost_Remote: No valid host was found. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_messaging/rpc/server.py", line 229, in inner return func(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/scheduler/manager.py", line 154, in select_destinations raise exception.NoValidHost(reason="") NoValidHost: No valid host was found. 

错误分析：

这个错误比较常见的，也没什么必要查看日志，基本都是系统资源不足造成的

解决方案：

删除不使用的多余的实例，在重新创建即可，或者是实例类型用错了导致资源不够。

例如：

[root@openstack1 ~]# openstack flavor list
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name      |   RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 0  | m1.nano   |    64 |    1 |         0 |     1 | True      |
| 1  | m1.tiny   |  1024 |   50 |         0 |     1 | True      |
| 2  | m1.small  |  2048 |  500 |         0 |     1 | True      |
| 3  | m1.medium |  4096 |  500 |         0 |     2 | True      |
| 4  | m1.large  |  8192 |  500 |         0 |     4 | True      |
| 5  | m1.xlarge | 16384 |  500 |         0 |     8 | True      |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+

整个系统才100G硬盘，16G内存，创建实例的时候指定m1.xlarge 这个实例规格必定是创建不了并报以上错误的。