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Spring boot+vue前后端分离

news 文章来源：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_82767224/article/details/139480115 2024/11/17 13:51:21

1、前端vue的搭建

2、后端项目的构建

pom文件中引入的jar包

yml文件用来配置连接数据库和端口的设置

application.property进行一些整合

service层

imp层

mapper

实体类

额外写一个类、解决跨域问题

3、测试

1、前端vue的搭建

建立项目的过程略
开启一个建立好的vue项目用npm run dev
关闭一个vue项目可在终端操作:ctrl+c
需要注意的几点
1、在建立项目的时候、可以选择路由选项。后续就不需要再次安装路由。
2、安装axios npm install --save axios vue-axios

前端项目结构样式

main.js、这个是整个项目的入口、要使用的在这里引入

// The Vue build version to load with the `import` command
// (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias.
import Vue from 'vue'
import './plugins/axios'
import App from './App'
import router from './router'Vue.config.productionTip = false/* eslint-disable no-new */
new Vue({el: '#app',router,components: { App },template: '<App/>'
})

Vue.js
在这里可以定义跳转到其他页面的连接

<template><div id="app"><router-link to="/user">book</router-link><router-view/></div>
</template><script>
export default {name: 'App'
}
</script><style>
#app {font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;text-align: center;color: #2c3e50;margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>

配置的路由
在这里配置各个页面跳转的路由

import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'import UserList from '../components/UserList'
import Home from '../components/Home'Vue.use(Router)export default new Router({routes: [{path:'/user',component:UserList},{path:'/',component:Home}]
})

组件1、

<template><div>这里是首页</div>
</template><script>export default {name: "Home"}
</script><style scoped></style>

组件2
（每个组件之间都可以和后台数据交互通过axios）
提示： const _this =this变量的设置，否则会和回调函数搞混
这里和后台进行连接是通过url。这里的url是访问某一个接口的url,就相当于和某个方法进行打通

<template><div><table class="_table"><tr class="_tr"><td>姓名</td><td>年龄</td><td>邮箱</td></tr><tr v-for="item in books "><td>{{item.bookAuthor}}</td><td>{{item.bookName}}</td><td>{{item.price}}</td></tr></table></div>
</template><script>export default {name: "UserList",data(){return{books:[{bookName:'java',bookAuthor:'小黑',price:'33'}]}},created() {const _this =thisaxios.get('http://localhost:8181/book/findAll').then(function(resp){_this.books=resp.data})}}
</script><style scoped>
table,td{border: 1px solid silver;
}</style>

2、后端项目的构建

首先构建项目
目录结构这个样子

pom文件中引入的jar包

我目前只用到mysql，shiro用来做后续的权限安全验证

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><!--整合shirosubject:用户security manager：管理所有的用户realm：连接数据库--><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId><version>1.4.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId><version>2.0.0</version></dependency><!--整合mybatis--><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.spring.boot/mybatis-spring-boot-starter --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.1.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--   JDBC--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><!--  Mysql--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.1.6</version></dependency></dependencies>

yml文件用来配置连接数据库和端口的设置

spring:datasource:username: rootpassword: rooturl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?allowMultiQueries=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=falsedriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivertype: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource#spring boot 默认是不注入这些属性的，需要自己绑定#druid 数据源专有配置initiaSize: 5minIdle: 5maxActive: 20maxWait: 60000timeBetweenEvictionRunsmMillis: 60000minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUALtestWhileIdle: truetestOnBorrow: falsetestOnReturn: falsepoolPreparedStatements: truefilters: stat,wall,log4jmaxPoolPrepareStatementPerConnectionSize: 20useGlobalDataSourceStat: trueconnectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500server:port: 8181

application.property进行一些整合


spring.aop.auto=true#整合mybatis
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.zheng.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

controller层（这里返回给前端的数据用json）
这里使用RestController返回的就是return的内容

知识点：@RestController注解相当于@ResponseBody ＋ @Controller合在一起的作用。
如果需要返回JSON，XML或自定义mediaType内容到页面，则需要在对应的方法上加上@ResponseBody注解。

package com.zheng.controller;import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import com.zheng.service.BookService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.List;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BooksController {@AutowiredBookService bookService;//查询所有的书籍信息@GetMapping("/findAll")public List<Books> findAll() {return bookService.queryBookList();}}

service层

package com.zheng.service;import com.zheng.pojo.Books;import java.util.List;public interface BookService {/*** 查询图书*/public List<Books> queryBookList();}

imp层

package com.zheng.service.serviceImpl;import com.zheng.mapper.BooksMapper;
import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import com.zheng.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {@AutowiredBooksMapper booksMapper;//查询书籍@Overridepublic List<Books> queryBookList() {return booksMapper.queryBookList() ;}
}

dao层

package com.zheng.mapper;import com.zheng.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.List;@Mapper    //这个注解表示这个是mybatis的mapeper
@Repository
public interface BooksMapper {/*** 查询图书*/public List<Books> queryBookList();}

mapper

、这个位置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zheng.mapper.BooksMapper"><select id="queryBookList" resultType="com.zheng.pojo.Books">select * from bookss</select></mapper>

实体类

可以使用Lombok、我不喜欢使用

package com.zheng.pojo;public class Books {private String bookId;private String bookName;private String bookAuthor;private Double price;private String address;private String impression;private String introduce;public Books(String bookId, String bookName, String bookAuthor, Double price, String address, String impression, String introduce) {this.bookId = bookId;this.bookName = bookName;this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;this.price = price;this.address = address;this.impression = impression;this.introduce = introduce;}public Double getPrice() {return price;}public void setPrice(Double price) {this.price = price;}public Books() { }public String getBookId() {return bookId;}public void setBookId(String bookId) {this.bookId = bookId;}public String getBookName() {return bookName;}public void setBookName(String bookName) {this.bookName = bookName;}public String getBookAuthor() {return bookAuthor;}public void setBookAuthor(String bookAuthor) {this.bookAuthor = bookAuthor;}public String getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(String address) {this.address = address;}public String getImpression() {return impression;}public void setImpression(String impression) {this.impression = impression;}public String getIntroduce() {return introduce;}public void setIntroduce(String introduce) {this.introduce = introduce;}
}

额外写一个类、解决跨域问题

package com.zheng.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;@Configuration
public class CrosConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry){registry.addMapping("/**").allowedOriginPatterns("*").allowedMethods("GET","HEAD","POST","PUT","DELETE","OPTIONS").allowCredentials(true).maxAge(3600).allowedHeaders("*");}
}

遇到的问题：
在测试从数据库取数据的时候，那个测试类出了问题。根本原因是spring boot的启动类没有放在根目录。

3、测试

第一步、1、开启后端服务

第二步、开启前端服务

看页面效果

点击book

这个是从后端请求来的数据。没做样式、简单打通、可以使用elementui让页面更加美观。

1、前端vue的搭建

2、后端项目的构建

pom文件中引入的jar包

yml文件用来配置连接数据库和端口的设置

application.property进行一些整合

service层

imp层

mapper

实体类

额外写一个类、解决跨域问题

3、测试

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