Nestjs使用Redis的最佳实践

前几天在项目中有用到Redis + JWT实现服务端对token的主动删除(退出登录功能)。故此介绍下如何在Nestjs中使用Redis，并做下总结。

知识准备

1. 了解Redis - 网上很多简介。
2. 了解Nestjs如何使用jwt生成token - 可移步看下我之前的文章

效果展示

一、mac安装与使用

示例代码用的本地的redis，所以介绍下mac如何安装redis和查看数据。

1. 安装

// 安装Redis
brew install redis// 启动Redis -（这将作为后台服务运行）
brew services start redis
// 或者，用redis-server命令+路径来启动（关闭终端服务停止）
redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis.conf// 验证Redis是否运行 (如果返回PONG，则表示Redis服务器正在运行)
redis-cli ping // 停止redis
brew services stop redis

2. mac使用 RedisInsight

官网下载 https://redis.io/insight/#insight-form
效果图如下

二、在nestjs中简单使用

1. 参考

1. redis实现token过期：https://juejin.cn/post/7260308502031433786

2. 装包

pnpm install @nestjs/cache-manager cache-manager cache-manager-redis-yet redis -S 
pnpm install @types/cache-manager -D

3. 配置环境变量

1. .env

# REDIS
REDIS_HOST=localhost
REDIS_PORT=6379
REDIS_DB=test
// 本地没有密码
REDIS_PASSWORD=123456
# redis存储时的前缀 公司:项目:功能
REDIS_PREFIX=vobile:video-watermark-saas-node

2. 配置config, src/config/config.ts

export default () => {return {// ....redis: {host: process.env.REDIS_HOST,port: parseInt(process.env.REDIS_PORT, 10),// username: process.env.DATABASE_USERNAME,password: process.env.REDIS_PASSWORD,database: process.env.REDIS_DB,perfix: process.env.REDIS_PREFIX,},};
};

4. 创建目录使用

1. 创建目录

nest g resource modules/redis

2. 处理redis.module

import { Module, Global } from '@nestjs/common';
import { RedisService } from './redis.service';
import { RedisController } from './redis.controller';
import { CacheModule } from '@nestjs/cache-manager';
import { ConfigModule, ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
import { redisStore } from 'cache-manager-redis-yet';
import type { RedisClientOptions } from 'redis';@Global() // 这里我们使用@Global 装饰器让这个模块变成全局的
@Module({controllers: [RedisController],providers: [RedisService],imports: [CacheModule.registerAsync<RedisClientOptions>({imports: [ConfigModule],inject: [ConfigService],useFactory: async (configService: ConfigService) => {const store = await redisStore({socket: {host: configService.get<string>('redis.host'),port: configService.get<number>('redis.port'),},});return {store,};},}),],exports: [RedisService],
})
export class RedisModule { }

3. 处理service

import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { CACHE_MANAGER } from '@nestjs/cache-manager';
import { Cache } from 'cache-manager';
import { formatSuccess } from 'src/util';@Injectable()
export class RedisService {constructor(@Inject(CACHE_MANAGER) private readonly cacheManager: Cache) { }async get<T>(key: string): Promise<T> {return await this.cacheManager.get(key);}async set(key: string, value: any, ttl?: number): Promise<void> {console.log('set===');const res = await this.cacheManager.set(key, value, ttl);console.log('res1: ', res);return res;}async testredis() {const res = await this.set('aaa1', 'aaa', 60 * 60 * 1000);console.log('res: ', res);return formatSuccess('aa')}
}

4. 处理controller

import { Controller, Get, Post, Body, Param } from '@nestjs/common';
import { RedisService } from './redis.service';
import { ApiOperation, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
import { Public } from '../auth/decorators/public.decorator';@ApiTags('redis')
@Controller('redis')
export class RedisController {constructor(private readonly redisService: RedisService) { }// 测试redis@ApiOperation({ summary: '测试redis', description: '测试redis' })@Public()@Post('testredis')testredis() {return this.redisService.testredis();}
}

简单的配置到此结束，测试正常

三、进阶：退出登录token失效

背景：

1. 当退出登录时jwt的token并未失效
2. token无法被服务器主动作废

环境变量、创建目录参考上方。

下边展示核心

1. redis.service中增加删除功能

import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { CACHE_MANAGER } from '@nestjs/cache-manager';
import { Cache } from 'cache-manager';
import { formatSuccess } from 'src/util';@Injectable()
export class RedisService {constructor(@Inject(CACHE_MANAGER) private readonly cacheManager: Cache) { }async get<T>(key: string): Promise<T> {return await this.cacheManager.get(key);}async set(key: string, value: any, ttl?: number): Promise<void> {return await this.cacheManager.set(key, value, ttl);}// 删除async del(key: string): Promise<void> {return await this.cacheManager.del(key);}async testredis() {await this.set('aaa2', 'aaa', 60 * 60 * 1000);return formatSuccess('ok');}
}

2. 生成token时存入redis,退出登录删除token

auth.service，1.登录生成token后存入redis 2.退出登录删除redis里的token

import { Injectable, UnauthorizedException } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UserService } from '../user/user.service';
import * as md5 from 'md5';
import { JwtService } from '@nestjs/jwt';
import { formatError, formatSuccess } from 'src/util';
import { CreateUserDto } from '../user/dto/create-user.dto';
import { RedisService } from '../redis/redis.service'
import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';@Injectable()
export class AuthService {constructor(private userService: UserService,private jwtService: JwtService,private redisService: RedisService,private configService: ConfigService,) { }// 登录async signIn(createUserDto: CreateUserDto): Promise<any> {const user: any = await this.userService.findOne(createUserDto.name);if (!user) return formatError({ msg: 'The user does not exist' });if (user?.password !== md5(createUserDto.password)) return formatError({ msg: 'wrong password' });// 生成tokenconst payload = { id: user?.id, name: user?.name, password: user?.password };const token = await this.jwtService.signAsync(payload);// 将token存入redis await this.redisService.set(`${this.configService.get('redis.perfix')}:token_${user?.id}`, token, 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);return formatSuccess({token,userInfo: {id: user?.id,name: user?.name,},});}// 退出登录async logout(userid) {this.redisService.del(`${this.configService.get('redis.perfix')}:token_${userid}`)return formatSuccess('logout success')}
}

添加退出登录接口
auth.controller.ts

  // 退出登录@ApiOperation({ summary: '退出登录' })@Post('logout')logout(@Body() body: any, @Request() req: any) {return this.authService.logout(req?.user?.id);}

3. jwt鉴权时比对redis里的token

修改：auth.guard.ts

// ...
import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
import { RedisService } from '../redis/redis.service'@Injectable()
export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate {constructor(// ...private readonly configService: ConfigService,private redisService: RedisService,) { }async canActivate(context: ExecutionContext): Promise<boolean> {const isPublic = this.reflector.getAllAndOverride<boolean>(IS_PUBLIC_KEY, [context.getHandler(),context.getClass(),]);if (isPublic) return true;const request = context.switchToHttp().getRequest();const token = this.extractTokenFromHeader(request);console.log('token1111: ', token);if (!token) throw new UnauthorizedException();try {const payload = await this.jwtService.verifyAsync(token,{ secret: this.configService.get('jwt.secret') },);rrequest['user'] = payload;} catch {throw new UnauthorizedException();}return true;}
}

到此，大工告成。